arXiv:2510.21276cs.IRcs.AI2025-10被引 13

让推荐模型根据用户历史动态生成语义标签,提升个性化推荐效果。

Pctx: Tokenizing Personalized Context for Generative Recommendation

  • 基于用户历史行为动态生成语义标签,实现个性化词元化。
  • 在三个数据集上,NDCG@10最高提升11.44%。
  • 适合需要高个性化推荐的场景,如电商、内容平台。

生成式推荐(GR)模型将每条用户行为转化为若干离散的语义标识(称为语义ID),并自回归生成下一个标识作为预测,具有内存效率高、可扩展性强以及统一检索与排序的潜力。然而,现有词元化方法为静态且非个性化,通常仅依据物品特征生成语义ID,假设存在普遍适用的物品相似性标准,忽略了用户的个体视角。在自回归范式下,相同前缀的语义ID总是获得相似概率,因此单一固定映射隐含了跨所有用户的统一相似性标准。实际上,同一物品可能因用户意图和偏好而被不同理解。为此,我们提出一种个性化的上下文感知词元化方法,结合用户历史交互生成语义ID。该设计使同一物品在不同用户上下文中可被映射为不同的语义ID,从而让GR模型捕捉多种解释标准,生成更个性化的推荐。在三个公开数据集上的实验表明,相比非个性化动作词元化基线,本方法在NDCG@10上最高提升11.44%。代码已开源:https://github.com/YoungZ365/Pctx。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generative recommendation (GR) models tokenize each action into a few discrete tokens (called semantic IDs) and autoregressively generate the next tokens as predictions, showing advantages such as memory efficiency, scalability, and the potential to unify retrieval and ranking. Despite these benefits, existing tokenization methods are static and non-personalized. They typically derive semantic IDs solely from item features, assuming a universal item similarity that overlooks user-specific perspectives. However, under the autoregressive paradigm, semantic IDs with the same prefixes always receive similar probabilities, so a single fixed mapping implicitly enforces a universal item similarity standard across all users. In practice, the same item may be interpreted differently depending on user intentions and preferences. To address this issue, we propose a personalized context-aware tokenizer that incorporates a user's historical interactions when generating semantic IDs. This design allows the same item to be tokenized into different semantic IDs under different user contexts, enabling GR models to capture multiple interpretive standards and produce more personalized predictions. Experiments on three public datasets demonstrate up to 11.44% improvement in NDCG@10 over non-personalized action tokenization baselines. Our code is available at https://github.com/YoungZ365/Pctx.

生成推荐个性化词元化上下文感知

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