通过追踪视觉注意力变化,引导模型关注关键信息,减少视觉幻觉。
Capturing Gaze Shifts for Guidance: Cross-Modal Fusion Enhancement for VLM Hallucination Mitigation
- 利用注意力变化轨迹生成全局显著图,动态强化重要视觉与查询信息。
- 在生成与分类任务中,幻觉率降低最高达20.7%,性能损失极小。
- 适合需要提升视觉推理准确性的多模态模型应用者。
视觉语言模型(VLMs)常产生无法由文本或视觉输入支持的幻觉内容。现有方法多归因于过度依赖语言先验,而非视觉输入。部分方法通过放大视觉标记注意力来缓解,但忽视了注意力错位问题(即注意力集中在无关视觉区域),且未平衡跨模态融合,仅增强视觉注意力而未调整对用户查询的关注。这可能导致错误区域被强化,同时未能正确理解查询。为此,我们提出一种简单高效的方法——视线转移引导的跨模态融合增强(GIFT)。GIFT 在用户查询理解过程中预计算整体视觉显著图,通过追踪视觉注意力的正向变化(即“视线转移”),并在每一步解码时利用该图放大显著视觉信息与用户查询的关注度。此举减轻了注意力错位问题,因无关标记通常无显著变化;同时确保跨模态融合均衡,实现更一致的表示。大量实验表明,GIFT 在生成与分类任务中均有效缓解幻觉,相较贪婪解码最高提升20.7%,且计算开销低,保持原有视觉语言性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Vision language models (VLMs) often generate hallucination, i.e., content that cannot be substantiated by either textual or visual inputs. Prior work primarily attributes this to over-reliance on linguistic prior knowledge rather than visual inputs. Some methods attempt to mitigate hallucination by amplifying visual token attention proportionally to their attention scores. However, these methods overlook the visual attention sink problem, where attention is frequently misallocated to task-irrelevant visual regions, and neglect cross-modal fusion balance by enhancing only visual attention without adjusting attention to the user query. This can result in amplifying incorrect areas while failing to properly interpret the user query. To address these challenges, we propose a simple yet effective method called Gaze Shift-Guided Cross-modal Fusion Enhancement (GIFT). GIFT pre-computes a holistic visual saliency map by tracking positive changes in visual attention, or "gaze shifts", during user query comprehension, and leverages this map to amplify attention to both salient visual information and the user query at each decoding step. This reduces the impact of visual attention sink, as irrelevant tokens exhibit minimal shifts, while ensuring balanced cross-modal fusion for well-integrated representation. Extensive experiments show that GIFT effectively mitigates hallucination in VLMs across both generative and classification tasks, achieving up to 20.7% improvement over greedy decoding, while maintaining general vision-language performance with low computational overhead.
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