arXiv:2510.22480cs.CVcs.AI2025-10NeurIPS被引 3

用单个教师生成多视角知识,提升模型压缩效率

Single-Teacher View Augmentation: Boosting Knowledge Distillation via Angular Diversity

  • 单教师加多个分支生成角度多样化的多视角输出
  • 在多种配置下超越现有知识增强方法,提升泛化性能
  • 可即插即用,适合需要高效模型压缩的场景

知识蒸馏(KD)通过将大型教师模型的知识迁移到轻量级学生模型中来实现模型压缩。近期研究表明,利用多样化的教师视角能显著提升蒸馏效果;然而,实现这种多样性通常需要多个教师网络,导致计算成本高昂。本文提出一种新颖的低成本知识增强方法:通过在单个教师上附加多个分支,生成具有多样性的多视角输出。为确保多视角间语义差异显著,我们引入两种角度多样性目标:1)约束的视图间角度分散损失,最大化不同视角间的夹角,同时保持其与原始教师输出的接近性;2)视图内角度分散损失,促使各视角在原始输出周围均匀分布。这些角度多样化的视角与原始教师一起,共同指导学生模型训练。我们进一步从理论上证明,所提目标能增加集成成员间的多样性,从而降低集成期望误差的上界,实现更有效的蒸馏。实验结果表明,该方法在多种配置下均优于现有知识增强方法。此外,本方法可兼容多种KD框架,以即插即用方式提升泛化性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Knowledge Distillation (KD) aims to train a lightweight student model by transferring knowledge from a large, high-capacity teacher. Recent studies have shown that leveraging diverse teacher perspectives can significantly improve distillation performance; however, achieving such diversity typically requires multiple teacher networks, leading to high computational costs. In this work, we propose a novel cost-efficient knowledge augmentation method for KD that generates diverse multi-views by attaching multiple branches to a single teacher. To ensure meaningful semantic variation across multi-views, we introduce two angular diversity objectives: 1) constrained inter-angle diversify loss, which maximizes angles between augmented views while preserving proximity to the original teacher output, and 2) intra-angle diversify loss, which encourages an even distribution of views around the original output. The ensembled knowledge from these angularly diverse views, along with the original teacher, is distilled into the student. We further theoretically demonstrate that our objectives increase the diversity among ensemble members and thereby reduce the upper bound of the ensemble's expected loss, leading to more effective distillation. Experimental results show that our method surpasses an existing knowledge augmentation method across diverse configurations. Moreover, the proposed method is compatible with other KD frameworks in a plug-and-play fashion, providing consistent improvements in generalization performance.

知识蒸馏模型压缩多视角学习角度多样性

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