让自动驾驶感知更懂规划,优先降低关键障碍物的感知误差。
Planning Oriented Integrated Sensing and Communication
- 基于克拉美-罗界和占用膨胀原理,建立功率与感知不确定性关系模型。
- 在城市驾驶仿真中,成功率提升40%,路径耗时减少5%以上。
- 适合关注自动驾驶安全与效率协同优化的研究者和工程师。
集成感知与通信(ISAC)可实现连通自动驾驶车辆的定位、环境感知与数据传输。然而,现有ISAC设计多侧重感知精度与通信吞吐量,对所有目标一视同仁,忽视了关键障碍物对运动效率的影响。为此,本文提出面向规划的ISAC(PISAC)框架,通过降低规划瓶颈障碍物的感知不确定性,拓展自车的安全可行驶路径,弥合物理层优化与运动规划之间的鸿沟。PISAC的核心是基于克拉美-罗界与占用膨胀原理,推导出传输功率与感知不确定性之间的闭式安全边界。据此,构建双层功率分配与运动规划(PAMP)问题:内层优化ISAC波束功率分布,外层在不确定性感知的安全约束下计算无碰撞轨迹。高保真城市驾驶环境下的综合仿真表明,PISAC相比现有ISAC及通信导向基准方法,成功率达40%更高,路径耗时缩短超5%,验证了其在提升安全与效率方面的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) enables simultaneous localization, environment perception, and data exchange for connected autonomous vehicles. However, most existing ISAC designs prioritize sensing accuracy and communication throughput, treating all targets uniformly and overlooking the impact of critical obstacles on motion efficiency. To overcome this limitation, we propose a planning-oriented ISAC (PISAC) framework that reduces the sensing uncertainty of planning-bottleneck obstacles and expands the safe navigable path for the ego-vehicle, thereby bridging the gap between physical-layer optimization and motion-level planning. The core of PISAC lies in deriving a closed-form safety bound that explicitly links ISAC transmit power to sensing uncertainty, based on the Cramér-Rao Bound and occupancy inflation principles. Using this model, we formulate a bilevel power allocation and motion planning (PAMP) problem, where the inner layer optimizes the ISAC beam power distribution and the outer layer computes a collision-free trajectory under uncertainty-aware safety constraints. Comprehensive simulations in high-fidelity urban driving environments demonstrate that PISAC achieves up to 40% higher success rates and over 5% shorter traversal times than existing ISAC-based and communication-oriented benchmarks, validating its effectiveness in enhancing both safety and efficiency.
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