arXiv:2510.24046cs.LGcs.AI2025-10被引 2

用因果感知+强化学习,让生成数据更真实、更安全、更可用。

Causal-Aware Generative Adversarial Networks with Reinforcement Learning

  • 先建因果图,再按图结构生成数据,确保因果关系不丢
  • 在14个数据集上优于6种顶尖方法,兼顾因果、实用与隐私
  • 适合需要合规合成数据的工程师和研究者

表格数据在模型训练和大规模数据分析中应用广泛,但常受隐私担忧或监管限制。现有基于生成对抗网络(GAN)的数据生成方法虽有潜力,却难以捕捉复杂因果关系、保持数据效用,且缺乏企业级部署所需的可证明隐私保障。本文提出CA-GAN,一种专为真实表格数据设计的新框架。其采用两步策略:首先通过因果图提取学习数据流形中的稳健、全面因果关系;随后使用定制的条件WGAN-GP(带梯度惩罚的水印生成对抗网络),仅根据因果图节点结构生成数据。更重要的是,生成器采用新型强化学习目标,使真实数据与生成数据构建的因果图对齐,确保训练和采样阶段均具备因果意识。在14个表格数据集上,CA-GAN显著优于六种前沿方法。评估聚焦核心数据工程指标:因果保留、效用保留和隐私保留。本方法为数据工程师提供了一种高效、高质、合规的合成数据解决方案,可用于数据库系统测试、软件开发加速和安全数据驱动研究。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The utility of tabular data for tasks ranging from model training to large-scale data analysis is often constrained by privacy concerns or regulatory hurdles. While existing data generation methods, particularly those based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have shown promise, they frequently struggle with capturing complex causal relationship, maintaining data utility, and providing provable privacy guarantees suitable for enterprise deployment. We introduce CA-GAN, a novel generative framework specifically engineered to address these challenges for real-world tabular datasets. CA-GAN utilizes a two-step approach: causal graph extraction to learn a robust, comprehensive causal relationship in the data's manifold, followed by a custom Conditional WGAN-GP (Wasserstein GAN with Gradient Penalty) that operates exclusively as per the structure of nodes in the causal graph. More importantly, the generator is trained with a new Reinforcement Learning-based objective that aligns the causal graphs constructed from real and fake data, ensuring the causal awareness in both training and sampling phases. We demonstrate CA-GAN superiority over six SOTA methods across 14 tabular datasets. Our evaluations, focused on core data engineering metrics: causal preservation, utility preservation, and privacy preservation. Our method offers a practical, high-performance solution for data engineers seeking to create high-quality, privacy-compliant synthetic datasets to benchmark database systems, accelerate software development, and facilitate secure data-driven research.

生成模型因果学习隐私生成表格数据

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