arXiv:2510.25529cs.AI2025-10NeurIPS被引 3

用生成模型主动发现关键状态,提升强化学习探索效率。

Off-policy Reinforcement Learning with Model-based Exploration Augmentation

  • 通过扩散模型生成潜在关键状态,引导探索方向。
  • 在复杂控制任务中样本效率和性能显著提升。
  • 模块化设计可无缝接入现有算法,适合高维环境研究者。

探索是强化学习的核心,决定了智能体发现并利用环境结构以实现最优性能的能力。现有探索方法分为主动与被动两类:前者在高维环境中表现不佳,后者受限于样本多样性。为此,我们提出模型生成式探索(MoGE),通过生成未充分探索的关键状态,并利用转移模型合成动态一致的经验来增强探索。MoGE包含两个组件:(1) 基于扩散的生成器,在效用函数引导下合成关键状态;(2) 一步想象世界模型,基于关键状态构建关键转移用于学习。该方法采用模块化设计,契合离策略学习原则,可无缝集成至现有算法而不改变其核心结构。在OpenAI Gym和DeepMind Control Suite上的实验表明,MoGE有效弥合探索与策略学习的差距,在复杂控制任务中显著提升样本效率与性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Exploration is fundamental to reinforcement learning (RL), as it determines how effectively an agent discovers and exploits the underlying structure of its environment to achieve optimal performance. Existing exploration methods generally fall into two categories: active exploration and passive exploration. The former introduces stochasticity into the policy but struggles in high-dimensional environments, while the latter adaptively prioritizes transitions in the replay buffer to enhance exploration, yet remains constrained by limited sample diversity. To address the limitation in passive exploration, we propose Modelic Generative Exploration (MoGE), which augments exploration through the generation of under-explored critical states and synthesis of dynamics-consistent experiences through transition models. MoGE is composed of two components: (1) a diffusion-based generator that synthesizes critical states under the guidance of a utility function evaluating each state's potential influence on policy exploration, and (2) a one-step imagination world model for constructing critical transitions based on the critical states for agent learning. Our method adopts a modular formulation that aligns with the principles of off-policy learning, allowing seamless integration with existing algorithms to improve exploration without altering their core structures. Empirical results on OpenAI Gym and DeepMind Control Suite reveal that MoGE effectively bridges exploration and policy learning, leading to remarkable gains in both sample efficiency and performance across complex control tasks.

强化学习探索增强生成模型

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