arXiv:2510.25890cs.SEcs.AI2025-10被引 3

用约束引导生成汽车软件架构,让大模型输出更符合工程规范。

ATLAS: A Layered Constraint-Guided Framework for Structured Artifact Generation in LLM-Assisted MDE

  • 分三阶段:建模、统一约束、带验证的生成
  • 单文件全合规,多文件完整且符合XSD格式
  • 适合需要高可靠性的汽车电子系统开发

ATLAS 是一个面向结构化工程产物的约束引导生成框架,要求输出满足显式模式、领域规则和审计要求。它不将大语言模型当作独立生成器,而是将其嵌入模型驱动的工作流中,分离领域表示、约束编译与生成后验证。框架包含三个组件:元模型集成阶段构建领域实体与关系的类型化表示(本研究基于权威 AUTOSAR 元模型);集成约束模型(ICM)将异构需求编译为两层操作:生成时的结构约束与生成后的语义/逻辑义务;约束引导、验证回溯生成(CVG)结合第一层约束解码、第二层后端验证及审计引导修复。在 AUTOSAR 实例中,第二层义务通过 SHACL/SMT 风格检查实现,展示相同 ICM 可连接特定领域验证后端。我们在单文件与多文件尺度上评估 ATLAS 在 AUTOSAR 产物生成中的表现。结果表明,ATLAS 稳定生成符合模式的单文件输出,并在多文件层面保持完全文件完整性与 XSD 合规性;而 SHACL/SMT 检查与结果分析持续揭示残余系统级缺陷。整体呈现有限自动化图景:ATLAS 保障结构有效性,并将高层次失败转化为工作流内可诊断的对象。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

ATLAS is a constraint-guided generation framework for structured engineering artifacts whose outputs must satisfy explicit schemas, domain rules, and audit requirements. Rather than treating a large language model as a standalone generator, ATLAS places generation inside a model-driven workflow that separates domain representation, constraint compilation, and post-generation validation. ATLAS combines three components. A metamodel-integration stage builds a typed representation of domain entities and relations; in this study, it operates over authoritative AUTOSAR meta-model assets. An Integrated Constraint Model (ICM) compiles heterogeneous requirements into two operational layers: generation-time structural constraints and post-generation semantic/logical obligations. Constraint-Guided, Validation-Backed Generation (CVG) then combines Layer~1 constrained decoding, Layer~2 backend validation, and audit-guided repair. In the AUTOSAR instantiation, these Layer~2 obligations are realized through SHACL/SMT-style checks, illustrating how the same ICM can be connected to domain-specific validation backends. We evaluate ATLAS on AUTOSAR artifact generation at both single-file and multi-file scales. In the evaluated AUTOSAR setting, ATLAS consistently produces schema-valid single-file outputs and preserves perfect file completeness and XSD validity at multi-file scale, while SHACL/SMT checks and result analysis continue to expose residual system-level defects. The empirical picture is therefore one of bounded automation: ATLAS secures structural validity and turns higher-level failures into explicit, diagnosable objects within the generation workflow.

大模型生成汽车电子约束验证

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