探讨AI如何实现问责制，让人类能追问、讨论并制裁AI决策。
Can AI be Accountable?
- 基于责任主体可提问、对话与惩罚的定义，构建AI问责框架。
- 指出当前AI普遍缺乏问责能力，无法被追问或制裁。
- 提出改进方向，推动所有受AI影响者都能获得问责保障。
我们使用的AI日益强大，若要服务于消费者、选民和决策者，必须确保其具备问责性。一般而言，当一个主体能向论坛请求关于其行为的信息、双方可就该信息进行讨论，并且论坛有权对主体进行制裁时，该主体即具备问责性。然而，当今许多AI系统并不具备问责性——我们无法向其提问，更无法展开对话或实施惩罚。本文将问责的一般定义应用于AI领域，阐明了AI具备或缺乏问责性的具体表现，并探索了提升人类在受影响世界中实现全面AI问责的可能性路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The AI we use is powerful, and its power is increasing rapidly. If this powerful AI is to serve the needs of consumers, voters, and decision makers, then it is imperative that the AI is accountable. In general, an agent is accountable to a forum if the forum can request information from the agent about its actions, if the forum and the agent can discuss this information, and if the forum can sanction the agent. Unfortunately, in too many cases today's AI is not accountable -- we cannot question it, enter into a discussion with it, let alone sanction it. In this chapter we relate the general definition of accountability to AI, we illustrate what it means for AI to be accountable and unaccountable, and we explore approaches that can improve our chances of living in a world where all AI is accountable to those who are affected by it.
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