针对多中心骨密度扫描数据差异,提出自适应分割模型提升髋部骨骼识别准确率。
PF-DAformer: Proximal Femur Segmentation via Domain Adaptive Transformer for Dual-Center QCT
- 采用双策略对抗域偏移:梯度反转层+最大均值差异对齐
- 在1408张跨中心扫描图上实现高精度分割,泛化能力显著提升
- 适合骨质疏松研究与多中心医学影像分析团队使用
定量计算机断层扫描(QCT)通过量化股骨头密度分布,对评估骨强度和骨折风险至关重要。然而,因设备、重建参数及人群差异导致的域偏移问题,使基于单一数据集训练的深度网络在跨中心应用时表现不稳定,影响结果可重复性。本文针对多中心QCT数据,构建了适配的自适应分割框架,基于包含1024例来自杜兰大学和384例来自明尼苏达罗切斯特的数据集进行训练与验证。模型以3D TransUNet为基础,融合两种互补策略:利用梯度反转层(GRL)进行对抗性特征对齐,抑制机构特异性线索;通过最大均值差异(MMD)实现统计分布对齐,减少机构间数据分布差异。该双机制兼顾特征不变性与解剖细节保留,实现无需校准的扫描仪无关特征学习,有效提升跨中心分割稳定性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) plays a crucial role in assessing bone strength and fracture risk by enabling volumetric analysis of bone density distribution in the proximal femur. However, deploying automated segmentation models in practice remains difficult because deep networks trained on one dataset often fail when applied to another. This failure stems from domain shift, where scanners, reconstruction settings, and patient demographics vary across institutions, leading to unstable predictions and unreliable quantitative metrics. Overcoming this barrier is essential for multi-center osteoporosis research and for ensuring that radiomics and structural finite element analysis results remain reproducible across sites. In this work, we developed a domain-adaptive transformer segmentation framework tailored for multi-institutional QCT. Our model is trained and validated on one of the largest hip fracture related research cohorts to date, comprising 1,024 QCT images scans from Tulane University and 384 scans from Rochester, Minnesota for proximal femur segmentation. To address domain shift, we integrate two complementary strategies within a 3D TransUNet backbone: adversarial alignment via Gradient Reversal Layer (GRL), which discourages the network from encoding site-specific cues, and statistical alignment via Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), which explicitly reduces distributional mismatches between institutions. This dual mechanism balances invariance and fine-grained alignment, enabling scanner-agnostic feature learning while preserving anatomical detail.
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