用功能嵌入统一不同人脑电记录,实现跨被试、跨会话的精准聚合。
Functional embeddings enable Aggregation of multi-area SEEG recordings over subjects and sessions
- 通过对比学习构建无主体的功能嵌入,捕捉区域特异性神经信号。
- 在20名被试数据上实现个体内准确区分和区域一致聚类。
- 零样本迁移至未见电极,适合跨被试神经数据分析场景。
跨被试的颅内脑电记录聚合极具挑战,因电极数量、位置和覆盖区域差异大。尽管使用MNI坐标等空间归一化方法可提供共享解剖参考,但难以捕捉真实功能相似性,尤其在定位不精确时;即使解剖坐标匹配,目标脑区及神经动态仍可能显著不同。本文提出一种可扩展的表征学习框架:(i) 利用双塔编码器与对比目标,从多区域局部场电位中学习每个电极的无主体功能标识,生成对区域特征敏感的嵌入几何结构;(ii) 将这些嵌入分词后输入变压器模型,以可变通道数建模区域间关系。在包含20名被试、涵盖基底节-丘脑区域、多种休息/运动记录会话及异构电极布局的数据集上评估,所学功能空间支持个体内精确区分并形成清晰、区域一致的聚类;可零样本迁移到未见电极。变压器在无主体特定头或监督的情况下,捕获跨区域依赖并实现掩码电极重建,为下游解码提供无主体基础。结果表明,该方法为缺乏严格任务结构与统一传感器布局的大规模跨被试颅内神经数据聚合与预训练提供了可行路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Aggregating intracranial recordings across subjects is challenging since electrode count, placement, and covered regions vary widely. Spatial normalization methods like MNI coordinates offer a shared anatomical reference, but often fail to capture true functional similarity, particularly when localization is imprecise; even at matched anatomical coordinates, the targeted brain region and underlying neural dynamics can differ substantially between individuals. We propose a scalable representation-learning framework that (i) learns a subject-agnostic functional identity for each electrode from multi-region local field potentials using a Siamese encoder with contrastive objectives, inducing an embedding geometry that is locality-sensitive to region-specific neural signatures, and (ii) tokenizes these embeddings for a transformer that models inter-regional relationships with a variable number of channels. We evaluate this framework on a 20-subject dataset spanning basal ganglia-thalamic regions collected during flexible rest/movement recording sessions with heterogeneous electrode layouts. The learned functional space supports accurate within-subject discrimination and forms clear, region-consistent clusters; it transfers zero-shot to unseen channels. The transformer, operating on functional tokens without subject-specific heads or supervision, captures cross-region dependencies and enables reconstruction of masked channels, providing a subject-agnostic backbone for downstream decoding. Together, these results indicate a path toward large-scale, cross-subject aggregation and pretraining for intracranial neural data where strict task structure and uniform sensor placement are unavailable.
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