用AI实时监测望远镜系统,提前发现故障,保障观测稳定运行。
SERVIMON: AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance and Real-Time Monitoring for Astronomical Observatories
- 融合Prometheus、Kafka等工具,构建云端数据采集与处理流水线。
- 通过孤立森林算法检测延迟、吞吐量等指标异常,提前预警性能下降。
- 适合天文台运维人员和科研团队,提升观测数据质量和系统可靠性。
ServiMon旨在为分布式天文系统(如ASTRI Mini-Array)提供可扩展的智能数据采集与审计管道,实现望远镜运行的质量控制、预测性维护和实时异常检测。系统采用云原生技术栈,包括Prometheus、Grafana、Cassandra、Kafka和InfluxDB,用于遥测数据采集与处理。通过隔离森林算法对Cassandra的读写延迟、吞吐量和内存使用等关键指标进行异常检测,结果以时间序列形式存储于InfluxDB v2,并通过Flux实现实时监控与可视化。实验表明,基于AI的异常检测能提前发现性能退化,显著降低停机时间,优化观测效率;同时支持将遥测数据与观测数据关联分析,提升科学数据质量。系统生成的自动告警增强了实时管理能力,其可扩展架构适配未来大规模天文实验,在性能与成本间实现优化。结合机器学习与大数据分析,ServiMon为现代及下一代天文观测提供了稳健灵活的解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Objective: ServiMon is designed to offer a scalable and intelligent pipeline for data collection and auditing to monitor distributed astronomical systems such as the ASTRI Mini-Array. The system enhances quality control, predictive maintenance, and real-time anomaly detection for telescope operations. Methods: ServiMon integrates cloud-native technologies-including Prometheus, Grafana, Cassandra, Kafka, and InfluxDB-for telemetry collection and processing. It employs machine learning algorithms, notably Isolation Forest, to detect anomalies in Cassandra performance metrics. Key indicators such as read/write latency, throughput, and memory usage are continuously monitored, stored as time-series data, and preprocessed for feature engineering. Anomalies detected by the model are logged in InfluxDB v2 and accessed via Flux for real-time monitoring and visualization. Results: AI-based anomaly detection increases system resilience by identifying performance degradation at an early stage, minimizing downtime, and optimizing telescope operations. Additionally, ServiMon supports astrostatistical analysis by correlating telemetry with observational data, thus enhancing scientific data quality. AI-generated alerts also improve real-time monitoring, enabling proactive system management. Conclusion: ServiMon's scalable framework proves effective for predictive maintenance and real-time monitoring of astronomical infrastructures. By leveraging cloud and edge computing, it is adaptable to future large-scale experiments, optimizing both performance and cost. The combination of machine learning and big data analytics makes ServiMon a robust and flexible solution for modern and next-generation observational astronomy.
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