arXiv:2511.00136cs.LGcs.AI2025-11被引 3

用双大模型+引导提示,实现更精准的交通灯细粒度调控。

A Dual Large Language Models Architecture with Herald Guided Prompts for Parallel Fine Grained Traffic Signal Control

  • 双大模型架构:预报队列+决策纠错,协同优化信号控制
  • 实测平均车程减少20.03%,济南杭州队列缩短10.74%
  • 适合城市交通优化与智能信号系统研发人员参考

将大语言模型(LLMs)应用于交通信号控制(TSC)相比传统强化学习(RL)方法,在优化效率和可解释性方面更具优势。然而,现有基于LLM的方法受限于固定时长信号且易产生幻觉错误,而RL方法在信号时序决策上缺乏鲁棒性且泛化能力差。为此,本文提出HeraldLight,一种由引导提示增强的双大模型架构。其中,引导模块(Herald Module)根据实时路况提取上下文信息并预测各相位队列长度;第一个大模型LLM-Agent利用预测结果进行细粒度信号控制;第二个大模型LLM-Critic对LLM-Agent输出进行修正,消除错误与幻觉。经评分式微调后提升准确性与鲁棒性。基于CityFlow平台,在济南(12个路口)、杭州(16个)和纽约(196个)的真实数据集上进行仿真实验,结果表明HeraldLight在所有场景下平均车程降低20.03%,在济南与杭州场景中平均队列长度减少10.74%。源代码已开源:https://github.com/BUPT-ANTlab/HeraldLight。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Leveraging large language models (LLMs) in traffic signal control (TSC) improves optimization efficiency and interpretability compared to traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods. However, existing LLM-based approaches are limited by fixed time signal durations and are prone to hallucination errors, while RL methods lack robustness in signal timing decisions and suffer from poor generalization. To address these challenges, this paper proposes HeraldLight, a dual LLMs architecture enhanced by Herald guided prompts. The Herald Module extracts contextual information and forecasts queue lengths for each traffic phase based on real-time conditions. The first LLM, LLM-Agent, uses these forecasts to make fine grained traffic signal control, while the second LLM, LLM-Critic, refines LLM-Agent's outputs, correcting errors and hallucinations. These refined outputs are used for score-based fine-tuning to improve accuracy and robustness. Simulation experiments using CityFlow on real world datasets covering 224 intersections in Jinan (12), Hangzhou (16), and New York (196) demonstrate that HeraldLight outperforms state of the art baselines, achieving a 20.03% reduction in average travel time across all scenarios and a 10.74% reduction in average queue length on the Jinan and Hangzhou scenarios. The source code is available on GitHub: https://github.com/BUPT-ANTlab/HeraldLight.

交通信号大模型智能控制城市计算

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