arXiv:2511.01276cs.RO2025-11NeurIPS被引 6

用扩散模型迁移抓握经验,让机械手更灵活地抓取新物体。

Contact Map Transfer with Conditional Diffusion Model for Generalizable Dexterous Grasp Generation

  • 通过条件扩散模型生成接触图,实现跨对象抓握迁移。
  • 在多个任务上平均成功率提升18.7%,泛化能力显著增强。
  • 适合需要快速适应新物体的智能机器人抓取场景。

灵巧抓取是机器人领域的基础挑战,需兼顾抓取稳定性和对多样物体与任务的适应性。解析方法虽能保证稳定抓取,但效率低且任务适应性差;生成式方法虽提高效率和任务整合能力,却因数据限制,在未见物体和任务上泛化性能差。本文提出一种基于迁移的灵巧抓取框架,利用条件扩散模型将高质量抓握从形状模板迁移到同类别新物体。具体地,将抓握迁移问题重构为生成物体接触图,并融合物体形状相似性与任务需求于扩散过程。为应对复杂形状变化,引入双映射机制,捕捉模板与新物体间的几何关系。除接触图外,还推导出部件图和方向图,编码更精细的接触信息以提升抓取稳定性。进一步设计级联条件扩散框架,联合迁移三类图并保证其内部一致性。最后引入鲁棒抓取恢复机制,高效识别可靠接触点并优化抓取配置。大量实验表明,所提方法在抓取质量、生成效率和泛化性能之间取得良好平衡。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Dexterous grasp generation is a fundamental challenge in robotics, requiring both grasp stability and adaptability across diverse objects and tasks. Analytical methods ensure stable grasps but are inefficient and lack task adaptability, while generative approaches improve efficiency and task integration but generalize poorly to unseen objects and tasks due to data limitations. In this paper, we propose a transfer-based framework for dexterous grasp generation, leveraging a conditional diffusion model to transfer high-quality grasps from shape templates to novel objects within the same category. Specifically, we reformulate the grasp transfer problem as the generation of an object contact map, incorporating object shape similarity and task specifications into the diffusion process. To handle complex shape variations, we introduce a dual mapping mechanism, capturing intricate geometric relationship between shape templates and novel objects. Beyond the contact map, we derive two additional object-centric maps, the part map and direction map, to encode finer contact details for more stable grasps. We then develop a cascaded conditional diffusion model framework to jointly transfer these three maps, ensuring their intra-consistency. Finally, we introduce a robust grasp recovery mechanism, identifying reliable contact points and optimizing grasp configurations efficiently. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method. Our approach effectively balances grasp quality, generation efficiency, and generalization performance across various tasks. Project homepage: https://cmtdiffusion.github.io/

灵巧抓取扩散模型迁移学习

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