arXiv:2511.01396cs.AIstat.ME2025-11NeurIPS被引 3

突破因果图聚类必须无环的限制,支持任意变量分组下的因果推断。

Relaxing partition admissibility in Cluster-DAGs: a causal calculus with arbitrary variable clustering

  • 放宽聚类无环约束,允许循环的集群因果图表示。
  • 扩展d-分离与因果演算规则,支持所有有效的干预查询推导。
  • 适合需要灵活抽象因果模型的研究者,尤其在复杂系统中适用。

集群有向无环图(C-DAG)将因果图抽象为节点代表变量簇,边表示簇间因果关系及未观测混杂引起的依赖。传统上,若聚类导致图中出现环,则该划分被视为不可接受。本文通过放松这一可接受性约束,扩展了C-DAG框架以支持任意变量聚类,从而允许循环的C-DAG表示。我们在此新设定下扩展了d-分离和因果演算概念,显著拓宽了簇级别因果推理的范围,使原本无法处理的情境变得可行。所提出的演算对do-演算既完全又原子完备:所有有效的簇级干预查询均可通过其规则推导,每一步对应一个基础的do-演算操作。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cluster DAGs (C-DAGs) provide an abstraction of causal graphs in which nodes represent clusters of variables, and edges encode both cluster-level causal relationships and dependencies arisen from unobserved confounding. C-DAGs define an equivalence class of acyclic causal graphs that agree on cluster-level relationships, enabling causal reasoning at a higher level of abstraction. However, when the chosen clustering induces cycles in the resulting C-DAG, the partition is deemed inadmissible under conventional C-DAG semantics. In this work, we extend the C-DAG framework to support arbitrary variable clusterings by relaxing the partition admissibility constraint, thereby allowing cyclic C-DAG representations. We extend the notions of d-separation and causal calculus to this setting, significantly broadening the scope of causal reasoning across clusters and enabling the application of C-DAGs in previously intractable scenarios. Our calculus is both sound and atomically complete with respect to the do-calculus: all valid interventional queries at the cluster level can be derived using our rules, each corresponding to a primitive do-calculus step.

因果推断图模型抽象建模

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