人机协同物理智能让实验制造更自主可解释，实现实时纠错与新手赋能。
Human-AI Co-Embodied Intelligence for Scientific Experimentation and Manufacturing
- 人机+可穿戴设备协同，AI负责推理规划，人类专注执行。
- 比顶尖多模态模型高51%的流程理解准确率，支持实时错误检测修复。
- 适合科研制造领域，尤其擅长复杂工艺转移与新手培训。
科学实验与制造依赖长期的流程开发和复杂的多步骤实施，需持续的人类专业知识进行精确执行与决策，限制了可解释性与可扩展性。本文提出一种新型物理人工智能——人机协同具身智能，融合人类研究人员、自主代理型AI与可穿戴硬件。在此范式中，人类提供精准操作，而自主型AI负责上下文推理、自适应规划与分析。可穿戴接口持续捕捉实验与制造过程，实现人机无缝通信。我们在微纳制造洁净室中实现了该范式，构建了自主物理实验系统（APEX），其对制造流程的理解准确率比当前最优多模态大语言模型/视觉语言模型（LLMs/VLMs）高出51%，可实时检测并纠正制造错误，并将工艺知识传递给新手用户。关键突破在于，在洁净室中实现工艺的共同开发，克服了弹性材料在标准微纳制造中的兼容性问题，实现了此前无法达成的成果：成功制造出晶圆级软神经探针，可实现单单元分辨率神经记录。这些结果确立了将自主推理从计算延伸至物理领域的新型人机协同具身智能，使科学实验与制造转变为自主、可追溯、可解释且可扩展的过程。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Scientific experimentation and manufacturing rely on prolonged protocol development and complex, multi-step implementation, which require continuous human expertise for precise execution and decision-making, limiting interpretability and scalability. Here, we introduce human-artificial intelligence (AI) co-embodied intelligence, a new form of physical AI that unites human researchers, agentic AI, and wearable hardware. In this paradigm, humans provide precise execution, while agentic AI contributes contextual reasoning, adaptive planning, and analysis. The wearable interface continuously captures experimentation and manufacturing, facilitating seamless communication between humans and AI. We instantiate this paradigm in a microfabrication cleanroom, leading to the agentic-physical experimentation (APEX) system which understands fabrication procedure with accuracy 51% higher than state-of-the-art multimodal large language models/vision language models (LLMs/VLMs), detects and corrects fabrication errors in real-time, and transfers procedural expertise to novice users. Critically, APEX system enables the co-development of fabrication protocols in cleanrooms, overcoming the incompatibility of elastomeric materials in standard microfabrication processes and enabling previously unattainable fabrication outcomes, as demonstrated by the wafer-scale realization of brain-level soft neural probe capable of single-unit-resolution neural recording. These results establish the human-AI co-embodied intelligence that extends agentic reasoning beyond computation into the physical domain, transforming scientific experimentation and manufacturing into autonomous, traceable, interpretable and scalable processes.
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