用特征驱动的多智能体框架,让AI更像真人一样迭代写安卓软件。
Towards Iterative End-to-End Software Development: A Feature-Driven Multi-Agent Framework
- 将需求拆解为可追踪的特征,构建带依赖关系的特征图。
- 在安卓任务上比最强基线提升57.3%,不同模型下提升16.0%-58.5%。
- 适合想做智能编程助手或研究迭代开发的开发者与研究者。
大型语言模型智能体有望实现从自然语言需求到端到端软件开发的自动化。然而,现有方法多采用线性瀑布式流程,简化了真实开发的迭代特性,难以应对复杂大规模项目。为此,我们提出EvoDev,一种受特征驱动开发启发的迭代式软件开发框架。EvoDev将用户需求分解为一组用户价值特征,并构建特征图——一个显式建模特征间依赖关系的有向无环图。特征图中每个节点维护多层上下文(包括业务逻辑、软件设计、代码实现),并沿依赖关系传播,为后续开发迭代提供上下文支持。我们在具有挑战性的Android开发任务上评估EvoDev,结果表明其性能优于最佳基线Claude Code 57.3%,且在不同基础大模型上单智能体性能提升16.0%-58.5%,凸显特征分解、依赖建模、上下文传播与工作流感知智能体设计对端到端软件开发的重要性。此外,本工作总结了设计迭代式大模型驱动开发框架的实用洞见,并为未来基础大模型训练提供了优化方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in large language model agents offer the promise of automating end-to-end software development from natural language requirements. However, existing approaches largely adopt linear, waterfall-style pipelines, which oversimplify the iterative nature of real-world development and struggle with complex, large-scale projects. To address these limitations, we propose EvoDev, an iterative software development framework inspired by feature-driven development. EvoDev decomposes user requirements into a set of user-valued features and constructs a Feature Map, a directed acyclic graph that explicitly models dependencies between features. Each feature node in the feature map maintains multi-layer contexts, including business logic, software design, and code implementation, which are propagated along dependencies to provide context for subsequent development iterations. We evaluate EvoDev on challenging Android development tasks and show that it outperforms the best-performing baseline, Claude Code, by 57.3%, while improving single-agent performance by 16.0%-58.5% across different base LLMs, highlighting the importance of feature decomposition, dependency modeling, context propagation, and workflow-aware agent design for end-to-end software development. Moreover, our work summarizes practical insights for designing iterative, LLM-driven development frameworks and informs future training of base LLMs to better support iterative software development.
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