用可重构表面增强无线电波，实现穿透遮挡的3D物体可视化
RIS-Assisted 3D Spherical Splatting for Object Composition Visualization using Detection Transformers
- 通过可重构智能表面控制无线信号，生成可控光照环境
- 结合检测变压器，从射频特征中直接推断物体几何与材质，准确率达79.35%
- 适合对物理感知、智能环境重建感兴趣的科研人员
追求沉浸式且结构感知的多媒体体验推动了超越可见光范围的感知技术发展。传统光学系统在遮挡或低光照下性能下降，促使采用射频（RF）传感——其电磁波能穿透材料，编码几何与组成信息。然而，不可控的多径传播限制了重建精度。最近的可编程无线环境（PWEs）通过可重构智能表面（RISs）实现传播过程的软件定义调控，提供可控的照明多样性。本文提出一种基于PWE的射频框架，利用材料感知的球形原语进行三维物体重建。该方法结合RIS驱动的场合成与检测变压器（DETR），直接从提取的射频特征中推断空间和材料参数。仿真结果表明，该框架能够近似物体几何并分类材料组成，总体准确率达到79.35%，标志着向可编程、物理基础的射频三维物体组合可视化迈出了初步一步。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The pursuit of immersive and structurally aware multimedia experiences has intensified interest in sensing modalities that reconstruct objects beyond the limits of visible light. Conventional optical pipelines degrade under occlusion or low illumination, motivating the use of radio-frequency (RF) sensing, whose electromagnetic waves penetrate materials and encode both geometric and compositional information. Yet, uncontrolled multipath propagation restricts reconstruction accuracy. Recent advances in Programmable Wireless Environments (PWEs) mitigate this limitation by enabling software-defined manipulation of propagation through Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), thereby providing controllable illumination diversity. Building on this capability, this work introduces a PWE-driven RF framework for three-dimensional object reconstruction using material-aware spherical primitives. The proposed approach combines RIS-enabled field synthesis with a Detection Transformer (DETR) that infers spatial and material parameters directly from extracted RF features. Simulation results confirm the framework's ability to approximate object geometries and classify material composition with an overall accuracy of 79.35%, marking an initial step toward programmable and physically grounded RF-based 3D object composition visualization.
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