arXiv:2511.02880eess.SPcs.AI2025-11被引 2

让心电图突破固定导联限制,任意视角实时生成真实心电全景。

NEF-NET+: Adapting Electrocardio panorama in the wild

  • 直接视图转换架构,支持任意长度信号和设备间泛化
  • 在真实场景下提升约6 dB的图像质量(PSNR)
  • 适合心电诊断研究者、医疗器械开发者使用

传统多导联心电图系统仅能获取固定解剖视角下的心脏电信号。但某些疾病(如布鲁加达综合征)需要非标准视角才能揭示关键诊断特征。为此,近期提出的Nef-Net可重建连续心电场,实现任意视角的虚拟观察(称作心电全景)。然而,该方法依赖理想假设,在真实场景中面临长时序建模、设备特异性噪声干扰及电极放置偏差等挑战。本文提出NEF-NET+,一种面向真实环境的心电全景合成增强框架,支持任意长度信号生成、跨设备泛化,并补偿操作员导致的电极位置偏差。其核心是新设计的直接视图转换模型,结合离线预训练、设备校准调优与患者级在线校准流程。为严格评估全景合成效果,我们构建了新基准Panobench,包含5367条记录,每名受试者48个视角,覆盖心脏电活动的完整空间变化。实验表明,相较于Nef-Net,NEF-NET+在真实环境中显著提升,PSNR提升约6 dB。代码与Panobench将在后续论文中发布。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Conventional multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) systems capture cardiac signals from a fixed set of anatomical viewpoints defined by lead placement. However, certain cardiac conditions (e.g., Brugada syndrome) require additional, non-standard viewpoints to reveal diagnostically critical patterns that may be absent in standard leads. To systematically overcome this limitation, Nef-Net was recently introduced to reconstruct a continuous electrocardiac field, enabling virtual observation of ECG signals from arbitrary views (termed Electrocardio Panorama). Despite its promise, Nef-Net operates under idealized assumptions and faces in-the-wild challenges, such as long-duration ECG modeling, robustness to device-specific signal artifacts, and suboptimal lead placement calibration. This paper presents NEF-NET+, an enhanced framework for realistic panoramic ECG synthesis that supports arbitrary-length signal synthesis from any desired view, generalizes across ECG devices, and compensates for operator-induced deviations in electrode placement. These capabilities are enabled by a newly designed model architecture that performs direct view transformation, incorporating a workflow comprising offline pretraining, device calibration tuning steps as well as an on-the-fly calibration step for patient-specific adaptation. To rigorously evaluate panoramic ECG synthesis, we construct a new Electrocardio Panorama benchmark, called Panobench, comprising 5367 recordings with 48-view per subject, capturing the full spatial variability of cardiac electrical activity. Experimental results show that NEF-NET+ delivers substantial improvements over Nef-Net, yielding an increase of around 6 dB in PSNR in real-world setting. The code and Panobench will be released in a subsequent publication.

心电图全景生成医学影像深度学习

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