arXiv:2511.03012cs.LG2025-11被引 1

用神经隐式表示设计可无缝连接的异质超材料,支持任意高分辨率生成。

Heterogeneous Metamaterials Design via Multiscale Neural Implicit Representation

论文配图:Heterogeneous Metamaterials Design via Multiscale Neural Implicit Representation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于多尺度神经隐式表示,联合建模宏观与微观结构。
  • 训练时引入兼容性损失,确保相邻单元几何连续无断层。
  • 无需预设数据集,可无限放大生成,适合机器人等高精度应用。

超材料是由特殊设计的单元结构组成的工程材料,能表现出天然材料无法实现的异常特性。复杂工程任务常需异质单元以满足空间变化的性能需求。然而,由于设计空间庞大且相邻单元间存在严格的兼容性要求,异质超材料的设计面临巨大挑战。传统协同多尺度设计方法需对每个单元求解昂贵优化问题,且单元边界常出现不连续。而基于数据驱动的方法依赖固定微结构库,受限于数据集,还需额外后处理保证连接无缝。本文提出一种基于神经网络的超材料设计框架,学习结构的连续双尺度表示,同时解决上述问题。核心是多尺度神经表示:神经网络输入全局(宏观)和局部(微观)坐标,输出隐式场,表征具有跨域兼容单元几何的多尺度结构,无需预定义数据集。训练中加入兼容性损失项,强制相邻单元连通。模型训练完成后,可在任意高分辨率下生成超材料设计,实现无限上采样,适用于制造或仿真。我们在力学超材料设计、负泊松比及力学隐身问题上验证了该方法的有效性,潜在应用于机器人、生物工程和航空航天领域。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Metamaterials are engineered materials composed of specially designed unit cells that exhibit extraordinary properties beyond those of natural materials. Complex engineering tasks often require heterogeneous unit cells to accommodate spatially varying property requirements. However, designing heterogeneous metamaterials poses significant challenges due to the enormous design space and strict compatibility requirements between neighboring cells. Traditional concurrent multiscale design methods require solving an expensive optimization problem for each unit cell and often suffer from discontinuities at cell boundaries. On the other hand, data-driven approaches that assemble structures from a fixed library of microstructures are limited by the dataset and require additional post-processing to ensure seamless connections. In this work, we propose a neural network-based metamaterial design framework that learns a continuous two-scale representation of the structure, thereby jointly addressing these challenges. Central to our framework is a multiscale neural representation in which the neural network takes both global (macroscale) and local (microscale) coordinates as inputs, outputting an implicit field that represents multiscale structures with compatible unit cell geometries across the domain, without the need for a predefined dataset. We use a compatibility loss term during training to enforce connectivity between adjacent unit cells. Once trained, the network can produce metamaterial designs at arbitrarily high resolution, hence enabling infinite upsampling for fabrication or simulation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on mechanical metamaterial design, negative Poisson's ratio, and mechanical cloaking problems with potential applications in robotics, bioengineering, and aerospace.

超材料神经隐式多尺度设计结构生成

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