arXiv:2511.03550cs.ROcs.HC2025-11被引 1

用AR视觉提示纠正人类对机器人视野的误解,提升人机协作效率。

Indicating Robot Vision Capabilities with Augmented Reality

  • 在AR中设计四类视野指示器,分眼位和任务空间两类
  • 任务空间中的指示器准确率最高,眼位指示器也有效提升认知
  • 方案降低认知负荷,适合工业协作场景应用

研究表明,人类常误以为机器人与自己拥有相同的视野,对机器人的感知能力存在错误认知,这可能导致人机协作中因要求机器人处理视野外物体而失败。当机器人专注于任务且无法扫描环境更新世界模型时,问题尤为严重。为帮助人类更准确地理解机器人视野,本文提出四种增强现实(AR)视野指示器,并通过41名参与者的实验,在协作装配任务中评估其在准确性、信心、任务效率和认知负荷方面的表现。这些指示器分为两类:以机器人眼部空间为基准的自身体验式(egocentric),如加深眼窝、在眼侧加块;以任务空间为基准的客体定位式(allocentric),如从眼侧延伸至桌面的块、直接放置于桌面上的块。结果显示,客体定位式指示器在任务空间中放置时准确率最高,虽解释有延迟;而自身体验式中加深眼窝的设计,即使需物理改造也显著提升了判断准确率。所有指示器均使参与者信心高且认知负荷低。最后,本文总结出六条实践指南,供从业者在实际系统中部署此类视觉提示或物理改造。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Research indicates that humans can mistakenly assume that robots and humans have the same field of view, possessing an inaccurate mental model of robots. This misperception may lead to failures during human-robot collaboration tasks where robots might be asked to complete impossible tasks about out-of-view objects. The issue is more severe when robots do not have a chance to scan the scene to update their world model while focusing on assigned tasks. To help align humans' mental models of robots' vision capabilities, we propose four field-of-view indicators in augmented reality and conducted a human-subjects experiment (N=41) to evaluate them in a collaborative assembly task regarding accuracy, confidence, task efficiency, and workload. These indicators span a spectrum of positions: two at robot's eye and head space -- deepening eye socket and adding blocks to two sides of the eyes (i.e., egocentric), and two anchoring in the robot's task space -- adding extended blocks from the sides of eyes to the table and placing blocks directly on the tables (i.e., allocentric). Results showed that, when placed directly in the task space, the allocentric indicator yields the highest accuracy, although with a delay in interpreting the robot's field of view. When placed at the robot's eyes, the egocentric indicator of deeper eye sockets, possible for physical alteration, also increased accuracy. In all indicators, participants' confidence was high while cognitive load remained low. Finally, we contribute six guidelines for practitioners to apply our augmented reality indicators or physical alterations to align humans' mental models with robots' vision capabilities.

人机协作增强现实机器人视觉认知建模

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