让CLIP模型能精准对齐图像局部与长文本描述,提升细粒度视觉语言理解。
PixCLIP: Achieving Fine-grained Visual Language Understanding via Any-granularity Pixel-Text Alignment Learning
- 通过像素级标注和长文本描述,实现图像区域与任意粒度文本的对齐。
- 在150万样本数据集上训练,像素级对齐性能超越现有方法。
- 适合需要精细图文匹配的场景,如图像编辑、医疗影像分析。
尽管对比语言-图像预训练(CLIP)模型在多种视觉语言理解任务中表现优异,但提升其细粒度图像-文本对齐能力仍是研究热点。现有方法多通过增强视觉信息处理粒度来实现,例如引入视觉提示引导模型关注图像特定局部区域。与此同时,多模态大语言模型(MLLMs)的研究表明,使用长而详细的文本描述进行训练可有效提升模型的细粒度对齐能力。然而,CLIP的文本编码器存在固有的词元长度限制,难以处理长文本序列中嵌入的细粒度语义信息。为协同利用视觉与文本处理粒度的双重优势,本文提出PixCLIP,一种新型框架,可同时支持视觉提示输入并处理长文本描述。首先,我们构建自动化标注流程,生成图像的像素级定位长文本描述;基于此,构建包含近150万样本的高质量数据集LongGRIT。其次,将CLIP原有文本编码器替换为大语言模型,并设计三分支像素-文本对齐学习框架,实现图像区域与对应文本描述在任意粒度下的精细对齐。实验表明,PixCLIP在像素级交互和长文本处理方面均取得突破,达到当前最优性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
While the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining(CLIP) model has achieved remarkable success in a variety of downstream vison language understanding tasks, enhancing its capability for fine-grained image-text alignment remains an active research focus. To this end, most existing works adopt the strategy of explicitly increasing the granularity of visual information processing, e.g., incorporating visual prompts to guide the model focus on specific local regions within the image. Meanwhile, researches on Multimodal Large Language Models(MLLMs) have demonstrated that training with long and detailed textual descriptions can effectively improve the model's fine-grained vision-language alignment. However, the inherent token length limitation of CLIP's text encoder fundamentally limits CLIP to process more granular textual information embedded in long text sequences. To synergistically leverage the advantages of enhancing both visual and textual content processing granularity, we propose PixCLIP, a novel framework designed to concurrently accommodate visual prompt inputs and process lengthy textual descriptions. Specifically, we first establish an automated annotation pipeline capable of generating pixel-level localized, long-form textual descriptions for images. Utilizing this pipeline, we construct LongGRIT, a high-quality dataset comprising nearly 1.5 million samples. Secondly, we replace CLIP's original text encoder with the LLM and propose a three-branch pixel-text alignment learning framework, facilitating fine-grained alignment between image regions and corresponding textual descriptions at arbitrary granularity. Experiments demonstrate that PixCLIP showcases breakthroughs in pixel-level interaction and handling long-form texts, achieving state-of-the-art performance.
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