为太空太阳能板设计防尘清洁方案，提升长期运行可靠性。
Design Exploration for Protection and Cleaning of Solar Panels with Case Studies for Space Missions
- 对比刮擦式与轨道式清洁机构，前者更高效节能
- 碰撞测试表明聚碳酸酯加软层结构防护最优
- 适合深空探测、卫星等需自洁防护的航天任务
太阳能广泛应用于空间探索、野火监测传感器系统等关键任务中。当太阳能板被尘埃覆盖或遭受空间碎片撞击时，其运行可能受限甚至中断。为此，本文设计了面板清洁机制并测试了防护材料。清洁机制方面，对比了刮擦式与轨道式系统；防护材料方面，通过碰撞实验发现聚碳酸酯表现优异，而最关键的防护策略是在面板表面与硬质材料间叠加软质层。在清洁系统比较中，刮擦式系统在成本、清洁速度和总功耗方面均优于轨道式系统。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Solar energy is used for many mission-critical applications including space exploration, sensor systems to monitor wildfires, etc. Their operation can be limited or even terminated if solar panels are covered with dust or hit by space debris. To address this issue, we designed panel cleaning mechanisms and tested protective materials. For cleaning mechanisms, we designed and compared a wiper system and a rail system. For protective materials, we found through collision tests that polycarbonate was very promising, though the most important factor was layering a soft material between the panel's surface and a hard material. In the cleaning system comparisons, the wiper-based system was more efficient than the rail-based system in terms of cost, cleaning speed, and total power consumption.
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