arXiv:2511.05567cs.CVcs.AI2025-11被引 6

用自适应深度信念网络自动提取道路网,灾后快速定位可通行路线

Automatic Extraction of Road Networks by using Teacher-Student Adaptive Structural Deep Belief Network and Its Application to Landslide Disaster

  • 基于师生协同的自适应DBN模型,自动学习最优网络结构
  • 道路识别准确率从40%提升至89%,在七大城市测试中验证
  • 模型轻量化部署于边缘设备,适用于灾害应急场景

本文提出一种基于教师-学生协同学习的自适应深度信念网络(Adaptive DBN)方法,用于自动提取道路网络系统——RoadTracer。该模型通过受限玻尔兹曼机(RBM)的神经元生成/消亡算法和深度信念网络(DBN)的层级生成算法,在学习过程中动态优化网络结构,以适应复杂道路特征。实验表明,该模型在测试数据集中的七座主要城市,道路检测平均准确率从40.0%提升至89.0%。此外,本研究将方法应用于自然灾害引发的滑坡事件,快速识别灾后可用道路,支持紧急救援路径规划。为实现快速推理,训练后的轻量级模型被部署于嵌入式边缘设备。还改进了图像边界区域的搜索算法,提升了对卫星影像前后对比的检测效果。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

An adaptive structural learning method of Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) and Deep Belief Network (DBN) has been developed as one of prominent deep learning models. The neuron generation-annihilation algorithm in RBM and layer generation algorithm in DBN make an optimal network structure for given input during the learning. In this paper, our model is applied to an automatic recognition method of road network system, called RoadTracer. RoadTracer can generate a road map on the ground surface from aerial photograph data. A novel method of RoadTracer using the Teacher-Student based ensemble learning model of Adaptive DBN is proposed, since the road maps contain many complicated features so that a model with high representation power to detect should be required. The experimental results showed the detection accuracy of the proposed model was improved from 40.0\% to 89.0\% on average in the seven major cities among the test dataset. In addition, we challenged to apply our method to the detection of available roads when landslide by natural disaster is occurred, in order to rapidly obtain a way of transportation. For fast inference, a small size of the trained model was implemented on a small embedded edge device as lightweight deep learning. We reported the detection results for the satellite image before and after the rainfall disaster in Japan. This version of the article was improved the search algorithm at the border around image.

道路提取灾后救援边缘计算深度学习

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