arXiv:2511.05809cs.RO2025-11被引 2

用博弈论模拟物体逃逸,让机械手更稳地抓物。

Adversarial Game-Theoretic Algorithm for Dexterous Grasp Synthesis

  • 将抓取设计为机器人与物体的对抗游戏,主动预判逃脱动作。
  • 仿真成功率75.78%,比顶尖方法高19.61%;真实实验达85%-87.5%。
  • 生成速度仅0.28-1.04秒,适合实时部署,尤其适合复杂多指手。

对于许多复杂任务,多指机器人手有望革新人机交互方式,但可靠抓取仍是一大挑战。本文针对多指机器人手的抓取合成问题,给定目标物体的几何形状和位姿,计算出合理的手部配置。现有方法常因仅抵抗单一力矩而忽略物体可能的对抗性运动(如逃逸),导致在扰动下不稳或失败。为此,我们提出一种新方法,将抓取生成建模为两人博弈:一方控制机器人生成可行抓取配置,另一方则对抗性地控制物体,尝试寻找逃逸路径。仿真实验在多种机器人平台和目标物体上进行,结果表明本方法抓取成功率达75.78%,较当前最优基线提升最高19.61%。引入博弈机制使成功率相较无博弈方法提高27.40%。平均抓取生成时间仅0.28–1.04秒,适用于实际部署。真实实验中,对ShadowHand和LeapHand分别达到85.0%和87.5%的平均成功率,验证了其在真实机器人场景中的有效性与可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

For many complex tasks, multi-finger robot hands are poised to revolutionize how we interact with the world, but reliably grasping objects remains a significant challenge. We focus on the problem of synthesizing grasps for multi-finger robot hands that, given a target object's geometry and pose, computes a hand configuration. Existing approaches often struggle to produce reliable grasps that sufficiently constrain object motion, leading to instability under disturbances and failed grasps. A key reason is that during grasp generation, they typically focus on resisting a single wrench, while ignoring the object's potential for adversarial movements, such as escaping. We propose a new grasp-synthesis approach that explicitly captures and leverages the adversarial object motion in grasp generation by formulating the problem as a two-player game. One player controls the robot to generate feasible grasp configurations, while the other adversarially controls the object to seek motions that attempt to escape from the grasp. Simulation experiments on various robot platforms and target objects show that our approach achieves a success rate of 75.78%, up to 19.61% higher than the state-of-the-art baseline. The two-player game mechanism improves the grasping success rate by 27.40% over the method without the game formulation. Our approach requires only 0.28-1.04 seconds on average to generate a grasp configuration, depending on the robot platform, making it suitable for real-world deployment. In real-world experiments, our approach achieves an average success rate of 85.0% on ShadowHand and 87.5% on LeapHand, which confirms its feasibility and effectiveness in real robot setups.

抓取合成博弈论多指手机器人

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