arXiv:2511.05890cs.CV2025-11被引 1

针对雷达图像斑点噪声,提出分频自适应去噪模型,更好保留边缘纹理。

Towards Frequency-Adaptive Learning for SAR Despeckling

  • 按频率拆分图像,不同频段用专用网络处理。
  • 低频用神经微分方程保持结构平滑,高频用可变形U-Net增强细节。
  • 在真实与合成数据上均显著提升去噪效果和纹理保真度。

合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像固有地受斑点噪声影响,限制其在高精度应用中的使用。尽管深度学习方法在SAR去斑中展现出潜力,但多数方法采用单一统一网络处理整幅图像,未能考虑不同空间物理特性对应的差异性斑点统计特性,常导致伪影、边缘模糊和纹理失真。为此,本文提出SAR-FAH,一种基于分治架构的频率自适应异构去斑模型。首先,通过小波分解将图像分离为携带不同内在特性的频率子带。鉴于其不同的噪声特性,为不同频率成分设计专用子网络。该定制化方法利用频率间统计差异,提升边缘与纹理保真度的同时抑制噪声。具体而言,对低频部分,通过神经常微分方程将去噪建模为连续动态系统,确保结构保真与充分平滑,防止伪影;对富含边缘与纹理的高频子带,引入带可变形卷积的增强型U-Net实现噪声抑制与特征增强。在合成与真实SAR图像上的大量实验验证了所提模型在降噪与结构保留方面的优越性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are inherently corrupted by speckle noise, limiting their utility in high-precision applications. While deep learning methods have shown promise in SAR despeckling, most methods employ a single unified network to process the entire image, failing to account for the distinct speckle statistics associated with different spatial physical characteristics. It often leads to artifacts, blurred edges, and texture distortion. To address these issues, we propose SAR-FAH, a frequency-adaptive heterogeneous despeckling model based on a divide-and-conquer architecture. First, wavelet decomposition is used to separate the image into frequency sub-bands carrying different intrinsic characteristics. Inspired by their differing noise characteristics, we design specialized sub-networks for different frequency components. The tailored approach leverages statistical variations across frequencies, improving edge and texture preservation while suppressing noise. Specifically, for the low-frequency part, denoising is formulated as a continuous dynamic system via neural ordinary differential equations, ensuring structural fidelity and sufficient smoothness that prevents artifacts. For high-frequency sub-bands rich in edges and textures, we introduce an enhanced U-Net with deformable convolutions for noise suppression and enhanced features. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real SAR images validate the superior performance of the proposed model in noise removal and structural preservation.

SAR去斑频率自适应小波分解可变形卷积

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