arXiv:2511.06405cs.IR2025-11被引 1

用工具增强大模型,让推荐系统更好应对陌生地点和海量候选。

TOOL4POI: A Tool-Augmented LLM Framework for Next POI Recommendation

  • 通过外部检索与推理,让大模型突破历史记录和上下文长度限制。
  • 在陌生场景下准确率提升40%,在常见场景下@5和@10指标分别提高20%和30%。
  • 无需微调,可直接接入现成大模型,适合实际推荐系统部署。

Next POI推荐是位置服务中的基础任务。尽管近期方法利用大语言模型(LLM)进行序列建模,现有基于LLM的方法仍存在两大局限:(i) 强依赖用户历史的上下文完整性,在未见地点(OOH)场景下表现差;(ii) 可扩展性受限,因LLM上下文窗口有限,难以访问和处理大量候选POI。为此,我们提出Tool4POI,一种新型工具增强框架,使LLM能通过外部检索与推理实现开集POI推荐。该框架包含三个模块:偏好提取模块、多轮候选检索模块和重排序模块,分别用于总结长期兴趣、调用外部工具检索相关POI、并根据近期行为优化最终推荐。不同于现有方法,Tool4POI无需任务特定微调,可即插即用地兼容现成大模型。在三个真实数据集上的实验表明,Tool4POI显著优于现有基线,在挑战性的OOH场景下准确率最高提升40%,在Acc@5和Acc@10上平均提升20%和30%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation is a fundamental task in location-based services. While recent advances leverage Large Language Model (LLM) for sequential modeling, existing LLM-based approaches face two key limitations: (i) strong reliance on the contextual completeness of user histories, resulting in poor performance on out-of-history (OOH) scenarios; (ii) limited scalability, due to the restricted context window of LLMs, which limits their ability to access and process a large number of candidate POIs. To address these challenges, we propose Tool4POI, a novel tool-augmented framework that enables LLMs to perform open-set POI recommendation through external retrieval and reasoning. Tool4POI consists of three key modules: preference extraction module, multi-turn candidate retrieval module, and reranking module, which together summarize long-term user interests, interact with external tools to retrieve relevant POIs, and refine final recommendations based on recent behaviors. Unlike existing methods, Tool4POI requires no task-specific fine-tuning and is compatible with off-the-shelf LLMs in a plug-and-play manner. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets show that Tool4POI substantially outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving up to 40% accuracy on challenging OOH scenarios where existing methods fail, and delivering average improvements of 20% and 30% on Acc@5 and Acc@10, respectively.

POI推荐大模型工具增强开放集

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