自动采集GUI数据,让AI快速学会操作新软件。
AUTO-Explorer: Automated Data Collection for GUI Agent
- 设计自主探索机制,自动解析并收集桌面软件界面数据。
- 在新软件上仅用少量标注即可提升MLLM的界面理解能力。
- 构建了UIXplore基准测试,评估探索策略的有效性。
近期GUI智能体在理解自然语言指令以操作软件界面方面取得显著进展,但获取高质量的GUI数据仍面临挑战。现有方法通常依赖从Common Crawl中抓取网页,通过HTML生成截图和元素标注(包括名称与边界框),但难以适用于桌面软件或未收录于Common Crawl的新网站。尽管期望模型具备强泛化能力,但在个性化场景下,仍需快速精准适配新软件或网站。为此,我们提出一种低标注成本的自动化数据采集方法Auto-Explorer,其包含简单高效的探索机制,可自主解析并遍历GUI环境,高效收集数据。此外,我们构建了UIXplore基准测试,用于评估探索智能体发现并保存软件状态的能力。基于收集的数据,我们微调了一个多模态大语言模型(MLLM),并建立了一个GUI元素定位测试集,用于评估探索策略的有效性。实验表明,Auto-Explorer能显著提升MLLM在新软件中的表现。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advancements in GUI agents have significantly expanded their ability to interpret natural language commands to manage software interfaces. However, acquiring GUI data remains a significant challenge. Existing methods often involve designing automated agents that browse URLs from the Common Crawl, using webpage HTML to collect screenshots and corresponding annotations, including the names and bounding boxes of UI elements. However, this method is difficult to apply to desktop software or some newly launched websites not included in the Common Crawl. While we expect the model to possess strong generalization capabilities to handle this, it is still crucial for personalized scenarios that require rapid and perfect adaptation to new software or websites. To address this, we propose an automated data collection method with minimal annotation costs, named Auto-Explorer. It incorporates a simple yet effective exploration mechanism that autonomously parses and explores GUI environments, gathering data efficiently. Additionally, to assess the quality of exploration, we have developed the UIXplore benchmark. This benchmark creates environments for explorer agents to discover and save software states. Using the data gathered, we fine-tune a multimodal large language model (MLLM) and establish a GUI element grounding testing set to evaluate the effectiveness of the exploration strategies. Our experiments demonstrate the superior performance of Auto-Explorer, showing that our method can quickly enhance the capabilities of an MLLM in explored software.
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