arXiv:2511.06461cs.LGcs.IT2025-11NeurIPS被引 2

通过几何分析,揭示了近似距离查询下的最优定位误差极限。

Reconstruction and Secrecy under Approximate Distance Queries

  • 用切比雪夫半径刻画最优定位误差的几何特性
  • 发现有限次查询即可达最优误差的伪有限空间
  • 适用于定位、隐私保护等场景,适合几何与学习理论研究者

本研究考虑利用近似距离查询定位未知目标点:每轮中,重构方选择一个查询点,接收其到目标点距离的噪声版本。该问题广泛存在于GPS、传感器网络定位及隐私保护数据访问等场景,涉及多种度量空间。研究从学习理论角度出发,聚焦最优重构误差的速率与极限。首先,基于切比雪夫半径(Chebyshev radius)给出了所有紧致度量空间(甚至完全有界空间)下最优误差的精确几何刻画,并推导出典型度量空间的显式公式。其次,分析了重构的渐近行为,区分了在有限轮查询后即达到最优误差的伪有限空间,以及误差曲线呈现非平凡衰减的空间。进一步地,对凸欧氏空间给出了伪有限性的完整刻画。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Consider the task of locating an unknown target point using approximate distance queries: in each round, a reconstructor selects a query point and receives a noisy version of its distance to the target. This problem arises naturally in various contexts ranging from localization in GPS and sensor networks to privacy-aware data access, and spans a wide variety of metric spaces. It is relevant from the perspective of both the reconstructor (seeking accurate recovery) and the responder (aiming to limit information disclosure, e.g., for privacy or security reasons). We study this reconstruction game through a learning-theoretic lens, focusing on the rate and limits of the best possible reconstruction error. Our first result provides a tight geometric characterization of the optimal error in terms of the Chebyshev radius, a classical concept from geometry. This characterization applies to all compact metric spaces (in fact, even to all totally bounded spaces) and yields explicit formulas for natural metric spaces. Our second result addresses the asymptotic behavior of reconstruction, distinguishing between pseudo-finite spaces -- where the optimal error is attained after finitely many queries -- and spaces where the approximation curve exhibits nontrivial decay. We characterize pseudo-finiteness for convex Euclidean spaces.

定位算法度量空间隐私保护几何学习

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