arXiv:2511.06715cs.LGcs.AI2025-11

提出首个同时满足八项微观指标的传感器校准模型

Sensor Calibration Model Balancing Accuracy, Real-time, and Efficiency

  • 用对数压缩与位运算替代传统计算,降低资源消耗
  • 在真实MCU上实现高精度校准,瞬时误差与最坏延迟均达标
  • 适合边缘设备部署,尤其适用于低功耗空气质量监测

多数设备端传感器校准研究仅关注准确率、实时性和资源效率三大宏观要求,忽略了瞬时误差和最坏延迟等部署瓶颈。为此,本文将三重需求细分为八项微观指标,提出SCARE(Sensor Calibration model balancing Accuracy, Real-time, and Efficiency)——一种超紧凑Transformer模型。SCARE包含三个核心组件:(1) 序列透镜投影器(SLP),对时间序列数据进行对数压缩并保留分箱边界信息;(2) 高效位运算注意力(EBA)模块,通过二进制哈希码替代昂贵乘法运算;(3) 哈希优化策略,无需辅助损失即可保证稳定训练。三者协同实现极低计算开销,同时保持高精度与微控制器(MCU)兼容性。大规模空气质量数据集及真实MCU部署实验表明,SCARE优于现有线性、混合及深度学习基线,是目前已知首个同时满足全部八项微观要求的模型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Most on-device sensor calibration studies benchmark models only against three macroscopic requirements (i.e., accuracy, real-time, and resource efficiency), thereby hiding deployment bottlenecks such as instantaneous error and worst-case latency. We therefore decompose this triad into eight microscopic requirements and introduce Scare (Sensor Calibration model balancing Accuracy, Real-time, and Efficiency), an ultra-compressed transformer that fulfills them all. SCARE comprises three core components: (1) Sequence Lens Projector (SLP) that logarithmically compresses time-series data while preserving boundary information across bins, (2) Efficient Bitwise Attention (EBA) module that replaces costly multiplications with bitwise operations via binary hash codes, and (3) Hash optimization strategy that ensures stable training without auxiliary loss terms. Together, these components minimize computational overhead while maintaining high accuracy and compatibility with microcontroller units (MCUs). Extensive experiments on large-scale air-quality datasets and real microcontroller deployments demonstrate that Scare outperforms existing linear, hybrid, and deep-learning baselines, making Scare, to the best of our knowledge, the first model to meet all eight microscopic requirements simultaneously.

传感器校准边缘计算Transformer高效推理

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