arXiv:2511.07166cs.CLcs.AI2025-11

用大模型自动生成用户故事,实现少样本个性化推荐

AdaRec: Adaptive Recommendation with LLMs via Narrative Profiling and Dual-Channel Reasoning

  • 将用户行为转为自然语言故事,统一处理推荐任务
  • 少样本下比基线高8%,零样本下比人工画像高19%
  • 无需人工设计特征,适合冷启动和长尾推荐场景

我们提出AdaRec,一种基于大语言模型的少样本上下文学习推荐框架。AdaRec引入叙事画像技术,将用户-物品交互转化为自然语言表示,实现任务统一处理并提升可读性。其双通道推理架构融合横向行为对齐(发现同类型用户偏好模式)与纵向因果归因(识别影响偏好的关键因素)。相比现有方法,AdaRec通过语义表示消除人工特征工程,支持极小监督下的跨任务快速适应。在真实电商数据集上的实验表明,少样本设置下性能较机器学习模型和基线大模型最高提升8%;零样本场景下相较专家手工画像最高提升19%,在低交互数据下仍具强效。此外,使用AdaRec生成的合成数据进行轻量微调,即可达到全量微调模型性能,验证了其高效性与泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We propose AdaRec, a few-shot in-context learning framework that leverages large language models for an adaptive personalized recommendation. AdaRec introduces narrative profiling, transforming user-item interactions into natural language representations to enable unified task handling and enhance human readability. Centered on a bivariate reasoning paradigm, AdaRec employs a dual-channel architecture that integrates horizontal behavioral alignment, discovering peer-driven patterns, with vertical causal attribution, highlighting decisive factors behind user preferences. Unlike existing LLM-based approaches, AdaRec eliminates manual feature engineering through semantic representations and supports rapid cross-task adaptation with minimal supervision. Experiments on real ecommerce datasets demonstrate that AdaRec outperforms both machine learning models and LLM-based baselines by up to eight percent in few-shot settings. In zero-shot scenarios, it achieves up to a nineteen percent improvement over expert-crafted profiling, showing effectiveness for long-tail personalization with minimal interaction data. Furthermore, lightweight fine-tuning on synthetic data generated by AdaRec matches the performance of fully fine-tuned models, highlighting its efficiency and generalization across diverse tasks.

个性化推荐大模型应用少样本学习

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