剖析工会联合运动的理论建构与政治张力，揭示其为何成为劳工复兴焦点。
Quantifying the Impact of CU: A Systematic Literature Review
- 通过文献引用网络与案例主题分析，追踪工会联合运动的学术脉络
- 发现其兼具本土实践与跨国运动双重基因，强调联盟构建但回避阶级政治
- 适合关注劳工理论、社会运动与组织变革的研究者阅读
自21世纪初以来，工会联合运动（Community Unionism, CU）已成为工会复兴讨论中的核心概念，但其理论一致性与政治意义仍不明确。本文不评估其有效性，而是系统性地考察其在学术文献中如何被建构、引用与争议。基于对114篇文献的引用网络分析及18个核心案例的专题研究，揭示了CU作为经验描述与规范理想的双重角色。分析显示，英国学者将其视为回归历史基层实践的本土化路径，同时在结构上与跨国社会运动型工会主义相契合。主题编码表明，几乎所有案例均强调联盟构建与合作，却普遍存在对阶级政治的深层矛盾态度。这一张力表明，CU的意义不在于推行新工会模式，而在于调和劳工运动萎缩背景下‘工作场所与社区’‘领导与基层’‘改革与激进’之间的多重矛盾。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Community Unionism has served as a pivotal concept in debates on trade union renewal since the early 2000s, yet its theoretical coherence and political significance remain unresolved. This article investigates why CU has gained such prominence -- not by testing its efficacy, but by mapping how it is constructed, cited, and contested across the scholarly literature. Using two complementary systematic approaches -- a citation network analysis of 114 documents and a thematic review of 18 core CU case studies -- I examine how CU functions as both an empirical descriptor and a normative ideal. The analysis reveals CU's dual genealogy: positioned by British scholars as an indigenous return to historic rank-and-file practices, yet structurally aligned with transnational social movement unionism. Thematic coding shows near-universal emphasis on coalition-building and alliances, but deep ambivalence toward class politics. This tension suggests CU's significance lies less in operationalising a new union model, and more in managing contradictions -- between workplace and community, leadership and rank-and-file, reform and radicalism -- within a shrinking labour movement.
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