跨平台惯性导航模型,精准适配人和四足机器人
X-IONet: Cross-Platform Inertial Odometry Network for Pedestrian and Legged Robot
- 用专家选择模块区分运动平台,路由至专用网络
- 双阶段注意力架构提升位移预测精度,降低误差14.3%以上
- 适合需要高鲁棒性惯性导航的移动机器人研发人员
基于学习的惯性里程计在行人导航中已取得显著进展,但将其扩展到四足机器人仍具挑战性,因其运动模式差异大且高度动态。现有在行人数据上表现良好的模型在四足平台上性能严重下降。为此,我们提出X-IONet,一种仅依赖单个惯性测量单元(IMU)的跨平台惯性里程计框架。X-IONet引入基于规则的专家选择模块,识别运动平台并将IMU序列路由至特定平台的专家网络。位移预测网络采用双阶段注意力架构,联合建模长时序依赖与轴间相关性,实现精准运动表征,并输出位移及其不确定性,再通过扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)融合以实现鲁棒状态估计。在公开的RoNIN行人数据集、GrandTour四足数据集及自采Go2四足数据集上的大量实验表明,X-IONet达到当前最优性能,在RoNIN上降低ATE和RTE分别达14.3%和11.4%,在GrandTour上分别降低11.8%和9.7%,在Go2上分别降低52.8%和41.3%。这些结果证明了X-IONet在人类与四足机器人平台上实现精准鲁棒惯性导航的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Learning-based inertial odometry has achieved remarkable progress in pedestrian navigation. However, extending these methods to quadruped robots remains challenging due to their distinct and highly dynamic motion patterns. Models that perform well on pedestrian data often experience severe degradation when deployed on legged platforms. To tackle this challenge, we introduce X-IONet, a cross-platform inertial odometry framework that operates solely using a single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). X-IONet incorporates a rule-based expert selection module to classify motion platforms and route IMU sequences to platform-specific expert networks. The displacement prediction network features a dual-stage attention architecture that jointly models long-range temporal dependencies and inter-axis correlations, enabling accurate motion representation. It outputs both displacement and associated uncertainty, which are further fused through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for robust state estimation. Extensive experiments on the public RoNIN pedestrian dataset, the GrandTour quadruped dataset, and a self-collected Go2 quadruped dataset demonstrate that X-IONet achieves state-of-the-art performance, reducing ATE and RTE by 14.3% and 11.4% on RoNIN, 11.8% and 9.7% on GrandTour, and 52.8% and 41.3% on Go2. These results highlight X-IONet's effectiveness for accurate and robust inertial navigation across both human and legged robot platforms.
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