arXiv:2511.08454cs.RO2025-11

用触觉刺激实现假肢肢体的直观神经控制,不干扰自然动作。

Intuitive control of supernumerary robotic limbs through a tactile-encoded neural interface

  • 通过触觉诱发的P300信号解码四自由度假肢动作
  • 三天训练后实时解码准确率显著提升,双任务下性能稳定
  • 适合需要增强运动能力的康复或人机协同场景

脑机接口有望通过直接神经控制额外肢体扩展人类运动能力,但如何在不干扰自然动作的前提下整合多自由度指令仍是关键挑战。本文提出一种触觉编码的脑机接口,利用新型触觉诱发的P300范式,实现在叠加自愿动作时仍能直观、可靠地解码额外肢体运动意图。在多日实验中,该接口成功实现了四自由度假肢的实时可靠解码,仅经三天训练即显著提升性能。重要的是,训练后单任务与双任务条件下性能无显著差异,自然运动未受干扰。最后,该系统在双侧手部任务中成功控制两支机械臂完成功能辅助。结果表明,通过刺激感觉传入通路可建立新型神经接口范式,在不损害自然运动的前提下拓展运动自由度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) promise to extend human movement capabilities by enabling direct neural control of supernumerary effectors, yet integrating augmented commands with multiple degrees of freedom without disrupting natural movement remains a key challenge. Here, we propose a tactile-encoded BCI that leverages sensory afferents through a novel tactile-evoked P300 paradigm, allowing intuitive and reliable decoding of supernumerary motor intentions even when superimposed with voluntary actions. The interface was evaluated in a multi-day experiment comprising of a single motor recognition task to validate baseline BCI performance and a dual task paradigm to assess the potential influence between the BCI and natural human movement. The brain interface achieved real-time and reliable decoding of four supernumerary degrees of freedom, with significant performance improvements after only three days of training. Importantly, after training, performance did not differ significantly between the single- and dual-BCI task conditions, and natural movement remained unimpaired during concurrent supernumerary control. Lastly, the interface was deployed in a movement augmentation task, demonstrating its ability to command two supernumerary robotic arms for functional assistance during bimanual tasks. These results establish a new neural interface paradigm for movement augmentation through stimulation of sensory afferents, expanding motor degrees of freedom without impairing natural movement.

脑机接口假肢控制触觉反馈运动增强

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