用对话系统帮瑞典房管合作社省电,准确率达80%。
Conversational Agents for Building Energy Efficiency -- Advising Housing Cooperatives in Stockholm on Reducing Energy Consumption
- 基于检索增强生成框架,结合专家邮件库生成建议。
- 初步测试准确率80%,媲美市政能源专家水平。
- 适合缺乏能源知识的合作社成员使用。
瑞典常见的多户住宅合作组织(BRF)虽有决策自主权,但其董事会成员普遍缺乏管理物业和能耗的专业能力。欧盟规定2033年前禁止能源等级为F和G的建筑运行。本文提出名为SPARA的对话代理系统,利用语言模型与检索增强生成框架,基于斯德哥尔摩专业能源顾问与合作社代表的邮件数据构建知识库,生成针对性节能建议。初步结果显示,该系统在提供节能建议方面的准确率达到80%,与市政能源专家表现相当。目前正进行试点,由市政专家评估系统对合作社成员提问的响应质量。研究发现,大语言模型可显著提升能源转型中的公众参与度。未来需进一步研究其建议的稳定性与可信度局限。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Housing cooperative is a common type of multifamily building ownership in Sweden. Although this ownership structure grants decision-making autonomy, it places a burden of responsibility on cooperative's board members. Most board members lack the resources or expertise to manage properties and their energy consumption. This ignorance presents a unique challenge, especially given the EU directives that prohibit buildings rated as energy classes F and G by 2033. Conversational agents (CAs) enable human-like interactions with computer systems, facilitating human-computer interaction across various domains. In our case, CAs can be implemented to support cooperative members in making informed energy retrofitting and usage decisions. This paper introduces a Conversational agent system, called SPARA, designed to advise cooperatives on energy efficiency. SPARA functions as an energy efficiency advisor by leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework with a Language Model(LM). The LM generates targeted recommendations based on a knowledge base composed of email communications between professional energy advisors and cooperatives' representatives in Stockholm. The preliminary results indicate that SPARA can provide energy efficiency advice with precision 80\%, comparable to that of municipal energy efficiency (EE) experts. A pilot implementation is currently underway, where municipal EE experts are evaluating SPARA performance based on questions posed to EE experts by BRF members. Our findings suggest that LMs can significantly improve outreach by supporting stakeholders in their energy transition. For future work, more research is needed to evaluate this technology, particularly limitations to the stability and trustworthiness of its energy efficiency advice.
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