arXiv:2511.11368cs.CV2025-11

放弃精确坐标监督,用结构一致性生成更通用的3D人体动作。

LaxMotion: Rethinking Supervision Granularity for 3D Human Motion Generation

  • 用2D姿态和全局轨迹推断3D动作,不依赖精确坐标标注
  • 生成动作多样、时序连贯且语义对齐,性能媲美全监督方法
  • 适合需要泛化能力强的动作生成场景

近期3D人体动作生成模型虽具备优异重建精度,但在训练分布外表现不佳。这主要源于使用精确3D监督,导致模型学习固定坐标模式而非本质的3D结构与运动语义。为此,我们提出LaxMotion框架,无需直接3D姿态监督即可合成真实3D动作。该方法将3D运动建模为全局轨迹与单目2D运动线索的一致解释,引入结构化运动分解及松弛可观测性下的新训练范式。配合视图一致性对齐、方向一致性与结构稳定性等松弛正则化目标,在此松散监督下,LaxMotion生成多样化、时序连贯且语义一致的3D动作,性能可媲美甚至超越完全3D监督方法。结果表明,从精确坐标匹配转向结构一致性监督,能增强模型推理能力并提升泛化性,为3D动作生成提供一种可扩展、数据高效的新范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent 3D human motion generation models demonstrate remarkable reconstruction accuracy yet struggle to generalize beyond training distributions. This limitation arises partly from the use of precise 3D supervision, which encourages models to fit fixed coordinate patterns instead of learning the essential 3D structure and motion semantic cues required for robust generalization. To overcome this limitation, we propose LaxMotion, a framework that synthesizes realistic 3D motions without direct 3D pose supervision. Instead of regressing toward exact coordinates, LaxMotion learns 3D motion as a consistent explanation of global trajectories and monocular 2D kinematic cues. We introduce a structured motion factorization together with a reformulated training paradigm under relaxed observability. This design is further supported by relaxed regularization objectives that enforce view consistent alignment, orientation coherence, and structural stability. Under this relaxed supervision paradigm, LaxMotion generates diverse, temporally coherent, and semantically aligned 3D motions, achieving performance comparable to or surpassing fully 3D supervised methods. These results indicate that shifting supervision from exact coordinate matching to structural consistency promotes stronger reasoning and improved generalization, offering a scalable and data efficient paradigm for 3D motion generation.

3D动作生成弱监督结构一致性

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