arXiv:2511.11423cs.AI2025-11被引 8

用统一表示融合多源医疗数据,提升慢病预测准确率

CURENet: Combining Unified Representations for Efficient Chronic Disease Prediction

  • 用大模型处理文本和检验报告,用Transformer处理时间序列
  • 在MIMIC-III和FEMH数据集上多标签预测准确率达94%以上
  • 适合临床辅助决策系统开发,尤其关注慢病早筛

电子健康记录(EHR)整合了非结构化临床笔记、结构化检验数据和时序就诊信息。医生依靠这些多模态、时间相关的数据形成对患者健康的全面认知,这对治疗决策至关重要。然而,大多数预测模型未能充分捕捉不同数据模态间的交互、冗余和时序模式,常局限于单一数据类型或忽略复杂性。本文提出CURENet,一种多模态模型(结合统一表示以实现高效慢性病预测),通过大语言模型(LLMs)处理临床文本与文本化检验结果,结合Transformer编码器处理纵向就诊序列,实现多源临床数据的深度融合。该模型有效捕捉了不同数据形式间的复杂交互,构建了更可靠的慢性病预测系统。我们在公开的MIMIC-III和私有的FEMH数据集上评估了CURENet,其在多标签框架下对前10种慢性病的预测准确率超过94%。研究结果表明,多模态EHR集成具有提升临床决策与改善患者预后的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Electronic health records (EHRs) are designed to synthesize diverse data types, including unstructured clinical notes, structured lab tests, and time-series visit data. Physicians draw on these multimodal and temporal sources of EHR data to form a comprehensive view of a patient's health, which is crucial for informed therapeutic decision-making. Yet, most predictive models fail to fully capture the interactions, redundancies, and temporal patterns across multiple data modalities, often focusing on a single data type or overlooking these complexities. In this paper, we present CURENet, a multimodal model (Combining Unified Representations for Efficient chronic disease prediction) that integrates unstructured clinical notes, lab tests, and patients' time-series data by utilizing large language models (LLMs) for clinical text processing and textual lab tests, as well as transformer encoders for longitudinal sequential visits. CURENet has been capable of capturing the intricate interaction between different forms of clinical data and creating a more reliable predictive model for chronic illnesses. We evaluated CURENet using the public MIMIC-III and private FEMH datasets, where it achieved over 94\% accuracy in predicting the top 10 chronic conditions in a multi-label framework. Our findings highlight the potential of multimodal EHR integration to enhance clinical decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

慢病预测多模态学习电子病历临床决策

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