arXiv:2511.11647cs.LGcs.AI2025-11中稿 · be published in a …

用点云匹配环境,16倍提速RL波束选择,更省电。

Environment-Aware Transfer Reinforcement Learning for Sustainable Beam Selection

  • 将环境建模为点云,通过切赫距离识别相似场景
  • 训练时间与计算开销降低16倍,保持高性能
  • 适合边缘AI部署,助力绿色通信系统

本文提出一种基于迁移学习与强化学习的可持续波束选择方法,用于5G及未来网络。传统基于RL的波束选择模型在不同传播环境下需大量训练时间与算力,难以规模化且能耗高。为此,我们将环境建模为点云,其中每个点代表gNB和周围散射体的位置。通过计算点云间的切赫距离,可高效识别结构相似环境,从而复用预训练模型实现迁移学习。该方法使训练时间与计算开销减少16倍,显著提升能效。通过减少每次部署的重训练需求,大幅降低功耗,支持无线系统中绿色可持续人工智能的发展。仿真结果表明,该方法在动态多样传播环境中仍保持高性能,同时大幅降低能源成本,验证了迁移学习在可扩展、自适应、环保的波束选择策略中的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper presents a novel and sustainable approach for improving beam selection in 5G and beyond networks using transfer learning and Reinforcement Learning (RL). Traditional RL-based beam selection models require extensive training time and computational resources, particularly when deployed in diverse environments with varying propagation characteristics posing a major challenge for scalability and energy efficiency. To address this, we propose modeling the environment as a point cloud, where each point represents the locations of gNodeBs (gNBs) and surrounding scatterers. By computing the Chamfer distance between point clouds, structurally similar environments can be efficiently identified, enabling the reuse of pre-trained models through transfer learning. This methodology leads to a 16x reduction in training time and computational overhead, directly contributing to energy efficiency. By minimizing the need for retraining in each new deployment, our approach significantly lowers power consumption and supports the development of green and sustainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) in wireless systems. Furthermore, it accelerates time-to-deployment, reduces carbon emissions associated with training, and enhances the viability of deploying AI-driven communication systems at the edge. Simulation results confirm that our approach maintains high performance while drastically cutting energy costs, demonstrating the potential of transfer learning to enable scalable, adaptive, and environmentally conscious RL-based beam selection strategies in dynamic and diverse propagation environments.

波束选择强化学习迁移学习绿色通信

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