用多摄像头+实时计算,精准识别路口危险区域。
Enhancing Road Safety Through Multi-Camera Image Segmentation with Post-Encroachment Time Analysis
- 四摄像头同步采集,用YOLOv11检测车辆并转为鸟瞰图对齐。
- 像素级计算后向碰撞时间(PET),热力图精度达3.3平方厘米。
- 可在边缘设备上实时运行,适合交通监控系统部署。
信号交叉口交通安全分析对减少车人碰撞至关重要,但传统基于事故的数据研究受限于数据稀疏和延迟。本文提出一种新型多摄像头计算机视觉框架,通过后向碰撞时间(PET)计算实现实时安全评估,实验地点为加州楚拉维斯塔市的H街与百老汇交叉口。四个同步摄像头提供连续视觉覆盖,每帧由NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier设备处理,采用YOLOv11进行车辆分割检测。检测到的车辆多边形通过单应性矩阵转换至统一鸟瞰图,实现重叠视图对齐。提出一种像素级PET算法,无需固定网格即可测量车辆位置,支持以动态热力图形式呈现细粒度风险,空间精度达3.3平方厘米。带时间戳的车辆与PET数据存入SQL数据库,用于长期监测。在不同时间段的测试中,该框架可实现亚秒级高风险区域识别,并在边缘设备上保持平均2.68 FPS的实时吞吐量,生成800×800像素对数热力图。本研究验证了去中心化视觉PET分析在智能交通系统中的可行性,提供了高分辨率、实时、可复制的交叉口安全评估方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Traffic safety analysis at signalized intersections is vital for reducing vehicle and pedestrian collisions, yet traditional crash-based studies are limited by data sparsity and latency. This paper presents a novel multi-camera computer vision framework for real-time safety assessment through Post-Encroachment Time (PET) computation, demonstrated at the intersection of H Street and Broadway in Chula Vista, California. Four synchronized cameras provide continuous visual coverage, with each frame processed on NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier devices using YOLOv11 segmentation for vehicle detection. Detected vehicle polygons are transformed into a unified bird's-eye map using homography matrices, enabling alignment across overlapping camera views. A novel pixel-level PET algorithm measures vehicle position without reliance on fixed cells, allowing fine-grained hazard visualization via dynamic heatmaps, accurate to 3.3 sq-cm. Timestamped vehicle and PET data is stored in an SQL database for long-term monitoring. Results over various time intervals demonstrate the framework's ability to identify high-risk regions with sub-second precision and real-time throughput on edge devices, producing data for an 800 x 800 pixel logarithmic heatmap at an average of 2.68 FPS. This study validates the feasibility of decentralized vision-based PET analysis for intelligent transportation systems, offering a replicable methodology for high-resolution, real-time, and scalable intersection safety evaluation.
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