arXiv:2511.13904cs.CV2025-11

提出边缘协同的多摄像头车辆追踪框架,兼顾实时性与可扩展性。

Edge Assisted Multi-Camera Vehicle Tracking Framework for Real-Time and Scalable Deployment

  • 边缘端处理检测与跟踪,仅上传轻量元数据至中心服务器。
  • 在RoundaboutHD和CityFlow上实现实时吞吐,准确率媲美现有方法。
  • 适合城市级交通管理系统的部署,支持大规模场景应用。

摄像头是现代智能交通系统的核心感知模态,提供丰富的道路使用者活动视觉信息。多摄像头车辆追踪(MCVT)利用这些数据重建跨摄像头网络的车辆轨迹,支持交通流预测与优化等应用。然而,现有MCVT研究多关注追踪精度,对实时性能和可扩展性关注不足,难以满足真实世界与城市规模部署需求。为此,本文提出边缘协同、可扩展且高效的MCVT框架(EASE-MCVT),一个面向实时吞吐与可扩展运行的分布式边缘-服务器架构。边缘侧对每路摄像头流进行目标检测、单摄像头跟踪、地理映射与特征提取,仅将轻量级元数据(包括车辆位置与外观特征)上传至中央服务器用于跨摄像头关联。为提升追踪精度与系统效率,EASE-MCVT从算法与系统双角度优化:算法上引入基于轨迹片段的动态工作负载方案、服务端重匹配模块以恢复断裂轨迹,以及自监督相机连接模型,学习时空约束以加速并稳定跨摄像头关联;系统上集成面向生产的数据工程组件,标准化大规模部署与数据交换流程。据我们所知,EASE-MCVT是首个在分布式边缘-服务器设置中显式解决实时性与可扩展性的MCVT框架。在RoundaboutHD与CityFlow数据集上的实验表明,该框架实现了实时吞吐,同时保持了具有竞争力的追踪精度,为城市级实时交通管理铺平道路。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cameras are a core sensing modality in modern intelligent transportation systems (ITS), providing rich visual information on road-user activities. Multi-Camera Vehicle Tracking (MCVT) uses this data to reconstruct vehicle trajectories across camera networks, supporting applications such as traffic flow prediction and optimisation. However, most existing MCVT studies emphasise tracking accuracy while paying limited attention to real-time performance and scalability, both essential for real-world and city-scale deployment. To address this gap, we propose Edge-Assisted, Scalable and Efficient MCVT (EASE-MCVT), a distributed edge--server framework designed for real-time throughput and scalable operation. On the edge side, each camera stream is processed through object detection, single-camera tracking, geo-mapping and feature extraction, while only lightweight metadata, including vehicle locations and appearance features, is sent to the central server for cross-camera association. To improve both tracking accuracy and system efficiency, EASE-MCVT is optimised from algorithmic and system perspectives. Algorithmically, it introduces a dynamic workload scheme for tracklet-level feature extraction, a server-side re-match module to reconnect fragmented tracklets, and a self-supervised camera link model that learns spatio-temporal constraints to accelerate and stabilise cross-camera association. Systemically, it integrates production-oriented data engineering components to standardise deployment and data exchange for large-scale operation. To the best of our knowledge, EASE-MCVT is the first MCVT framework explicitly designed to address both real-time performance and scalability in a distributed edge--server setting. Experiments on the RoundaboutHD and CityFlow datasets demonstrate real-time throughput with competitive tracking accuracy, paving the way for city-wide real-time traffic management.

多摄像头追踪边缘计算交通管理

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