arXiv:2511.14010cs.CLcs.AI2025-11被引 2

用知识增强的智能体框架,让大模型读懂灾后报告中的多灾种信息。

Knowledge-Grounded Agentic Large Language Models for Multi-Hazard Understanding from Reconnaissance Reports

  • 设计动态路由检索与智能分块机制,保持上下文连贯性。
  • 在90个全球灾害事件上达到94.5%准确率,比零样本模型高30%。
  • 适合灾害分析、应急响应与可信AI研究者使用。

灾后勘察报告包含多灾种相互作用的关键证据,但其非结构化叙述使系统性知识传递困难。大语言模型(LLM)虽具分析潜力,但在缺乏领域知识支撑时易产生不可靠或幻觉输出。本研究提出混合检索式智能体RAG(MoRA-RAG),将勘察报告转化为多灾种推理的结构化基础。该框架采用混合检索机制,动态将查询路由至特定灾种数据库,并通过智能体分块保持检索过程中的上下文连贯性。同时引入验证环路,评估证据充分性,优化查询并触发定向搜索。基于GEER勘察报告构建了HazardRecQA数据集,涵盖7类主要灾种的90个全球事件。MoRA-RAG最高达94.5%准确率,较零样本LLM提升30%,优于现有先进RAG系统10%,且在多种LLM架构下显著降低幻觉。该框架还使开源模型性能接近专有模型,为灾后文档向可行动、可信情报转化建立了新范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Post-disaster reconnaissance reports contain critical evidence for understanding multi-hazard interactions, yet their unstructured narratives make systematic knowledge transfer difficult. Large language models (LLMs) offer new potential for analyzing these reports, but often generate unreliable or hallucinated outputs when domain grounding is absent. This study introduces the Mixture-of-Retrieval Agentic RAG (MoRA-RAG), a knowledge-grounded LLM framework that transforms reconnaissance reports into a structured foundation for multi-hazard reasoning. The framework integrates a Mixture-of-Retrieval mechanism that dynamically routes queries across hazard-specific databases while using agentic chunking to preserve contextual coherence during retrieval. It also includes a verification loop that assesses evidence sufficiency, refines queries, and initiates targeted searches when information remains incomplete. We construct HazardRecQA by deriving question-answer pairs from GEER reconnaissance reports, which document 90 global events across seven major hazard types. MoRA-RAG achieves up to 94.5 percent accuracy, outperforming zero-shot LLMs by 30 percent and state-of-the-art RAG systems by 10 percent, while reducing hallucinations across diverse LLM architectures. MoRA-RAG also enables open-weight LLMs to achieve performance comparable to proprietary models. It establishes a new paradigm for transforming post-disaster documentation into actionable, trustworthy intelligence for hazard resilience.

灾后分析知识增强智能体多灾种

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