arXiv:2511.14221cs.IRcs.AI2025-11被引 7

用LLM对齐地理信息,让本地生活推荐更懂空间距离。

LLM-Aligned Geographic Item Tokenization for Local-Life Recommendation

  • 通过强化学习对齐地理与语义,注入真实空间关系
  • 分层标记法结合空间属性与模型生成向量,提升精度
  • 适合做本地生活、外卖等需要精准地理感知的推荐

大型语言模型(LLMs)的进展提升了基于文本的推荐系统,通过语义泛化能力增强传统基于ID的方法。然而,在本地生活服务等特定领域,仅将位置信息嵌入提示词无法捕捉细粒度的空间特征和真实世界中的距离感。为此,我们提出LGSID框架——一种用于本地生活推荐的LLM对齐地理项标记方法。该框架包含两个核心组件:(1) 基于强化学习的地理LLM对齐,先训练一个列表级奖励模型以捕捉项目间的真实空间关系,再引入新型G-DPO算法,利用预训练奖励模型将泛化的空间知识与协同信号注入LLM,同时保持其语义理解能力;(2) 分层地理项标记策略,主标记来自离散的空间与内容属性,残差标记则由对齐后LLM的地理表示向量优化。在快手行业真实数据集上的大量实验表明,LGSID持续优于当前最先进的判别式与生成式推荐模型。消融实验、可视化与案例研究进一步验证了其有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enhanced text-based recommendation by enriching traditional ID-based methods with semantic generalization capabilities. Text-based methods typically encode item textual information via prompt design and generate discrete semantic IDs through item tokenization. However, in domain-specific tasks such as local-life services, simply injecting location information into prompts fails to capture fine-grained spatial characteristics and real-world distance awareness among items. To address this, we propose LGSID, an LLM-Aligned Geographic Item Tokenization Framework for Local-life Recommendation. This framework consists of two key components: (1) RL-based Geographic LLM Alignment, and (2) Hierarchical Geographic Item Tokenization. In the RL-based alignment module, we initially train a list-wise reward model to capture real-world spatial relationships among items. We then introduce a novel G-DPO algorithm that uses pre-trained reward model to inject generalized spatial knowledge and collaborative signals into LLMs while preserving their semantic understanding. Furthermore, we propose a hierarchical geographic item tokenization strategy, where primary tokens are derived from discrete spatial and content attributes, and residual tokens are refined using the aligned LLM's geographic representation vectors. Extensive experiments on real-world Kuaishou industry datasets show that LGSID consistently outperforms state-of-the-art discriminative and generative recommendation models. Ablation studies, visualizations, and case studies further validate its effectiveness.

推荐系统地理感知LLM应用本地生活

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