首个全原子肽设计的连续贝叶斯流模型,解决残基类型与构象建模难题。
Full-Atom Peptide Design via Riemannian-Euclidean Bayesian Flow Networks
- 用连续参数建模残基类型,实现与原子位置的联合平滑更新。
- 采用高斯混合贝叶斯流捕捉侧链多态性,提升构象预测准确率。
- 适用于需要高精度构象生成的蛋白质设计任务,如抗体结合剂开发。
扩散与流匹配模型在肽结合剂设计中展现出潜力,但仍面临两大挑战:一是离散残基类型采样将连续参数坍缩为独热编码,与原子位置的连续演化不匹配,破坏更新动态;二是现有模型假设侧链扭转角服从单峰分布,违背其固有的多态特性,限制预测精度。为此,我们提出PepBFN,首个用于全原子肽设计的贝叶斯流网络,直接在全连续空间建模参数分布。PepBFN通过学习残基类型的连续参数分布,实现与其它连续结构参数的联合平滑贝叶斯更新;引入基于高斯混合的贝叶斯流以捕捉侧链多态性旋转状态,并采用基于矩阵费舍尔的黎曼流直接建模残基在SO(3)流形上的取向。这些参数分布通过贝叶斯更新逐步优化,实现平滑且一致的肽链生成。在侧链填充、逆折叠和结合剂设计任务上的实验表明,PepBFN在计算肽设计中具有强大潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Diffusion and flow matching models have recently emerged as promising approaches for peptide binder design. Despite their progress, these models still face two major challenges. First, categorical sampling of discrete residue types collapses their continuous parameters into onehot assignments, while continuous variables (e.g., atom positions) evolve smoothly throughout the generation process. This mismatch disrupts the update dynamics and results in suboptimal performance. Second, current models assume unimodal distributions for side-chain torsion angles, which conflicts with the inherently multimodal nature of side chain rotameric states and limits prediction accuracy. To address these limitations, we introduce PepBFN, the first Bayesian flow network for full atom peptide design that directly models parameter distributions in fully continuous space. Specifically, PepBFN models discrete residue types by learning their continuous parameter distributions, enabling joint and smooth Bayesian updates with other continuous structural parameters. It further employs a novel Gaussian mixture based Bayesian flow to capture the multimodal side chain rotameric states and a Matrix Fisher based Riemannian flow to directly model residue orientations on the $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ manifold. Together, these parameter distributions are progressively refined via Bayesian updates, yielding smooth and coherent peptide generation. Experiments on side chain packing, reverse folding, and binder design tasks demonstrate the strong potential of PepBFN in computational peptide design.
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