arXiv:2511.15752cs.AIcs.MA2025-11被引 1

用大模型与智能体打造生物力学教学助手,提升学生解题能力。

Build AI Assistants using Large Language Models and Agents to Enhance the Engineering Education of Biomechanics

  • 结合检索增强生成与多智能体系统,提升模型在生物力学中的表现。
  • 检索增强使概念判断题准确率显著提高,多智能体完成复杂计算与推导。
  • 适合工程教育中需要多步推理的课程,如生物力学、机械设计等。

尽管大语言模型在通用任务中表现出色,但在特定领域常因知识缺口导致性能下降,且处理需多步推理的复杂问题时表现不佳。为此,我们提出利用大语言模型与人工智能智能体构建教育助教,以增强本科生在生物力学课程中分析人体肌骨系统力与力矩的学习效果。为此,我们设计双模块框架:1)采用检索增强生成(RAG)提升模型在概念性判断题中的准确性和逻辑一致性;2)构建多智能体系统(MAS)解决需多步推理与代码执行的计算类问题。我们在包含100道真假判断题及方程推导与计算题的生物力学数据集上评估了Qwen-1.0-32B、Qwen-2.5-32B和Llama-70B等模型。结果表明,RAG显著提升了模型在概念题上的表现与稳定性,优于基线模型;而基于多个大模型的多智能体系统则成功实现多步推理、方程推导、代码执行与可解释性解答,适用于复杂计算任务。该研究展示了将RAG与MAS应用于工程课程智能化教学的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility across a wide range of general tasks, their effectiveness often diminishes in domain-specific applications due to inherent knowledge gaps. Moreover, their performance typically declines when addressing complex problems that require multi-step reasoning and analysis. In response to these challenges, we propose leveraging both LLMs and AI agents to develop education assistants aimed at enhancing undergraduate learning in biomechanics courses that focus on analyzing the force and moment in the musculoskeletal system of the human body. To achieve our goal, we construct a dual-module framework to enhance LLM performance in biomechanics educational tasks: 1) we apply Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to improve the specificity and logical consistency of LLM's responses to the conceptual true/false questions; 2) we build a Multi-Agent System (MAS) to solve calculation-oriented problems involving multi-step reasoning and code execution. Specifically, we evaluate the performance of several LLMs, i.e., Qwen-1.0-32B, Qwen-2.5-32B, and Llama-70B, on a biomechanics dataset comprising 100 true/false conceptual questions and problems requiring equation derivation and calculation. Our results demonstrate that RAG significantly enhances the performance and stability of LLMs in answering conceptual questions, surpassing those of vanilla models. On the other hand, the MAS constructed using multiple LLMs demonstrates its ability to perform multi-step reasoning, derive equations, execute code, and generate explainable solutions for tasks that require calculation. These findings demonstrate the potential of applying RAG and MAS to enhance LLM performance for specialized courses in engineering curricula, providing a promising direction for developing intelligent tutoring in engineering education.

AI助教生物力学多智能体教育AI

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