用大模型驱动的智能代理,自动完成机械设计全流程。
A Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization (MDO) Agent Driven by Large Language Models
- 通过自然语言生成参数化建模,自动构建3D CAD模型。
- 结合外部知识库生成设计概念,经有限元分析迭代优化。
- 适合机械设计与AI协同创新的研究者和工程师使用。
为加速机械设计并提升设计质量与创新性,我们提出一种由大语言模型驱动的多学科设计与优化(MDO)智能代理。该代理通过三个核心能力半自动化端到端流程:(i) 自然语言驱动的参数化建模,(ii) 基于检索增强生成(RAG)的知识引导概念设计,(iii) 工程软件的智能调度以实现性能验证与优化。三者协同工作,可解析高层级非结构化意图,转化为结构化设计表示,自动生成参数化3D CAD模型,利用外部知识库生成可靠的概念方案,并通过工具调用(如有限元分析,FEA)进行迭代评估与优化。在燃气涡轮叶片、机床立柱和分形散热器三个典型案例上的验证表明,该代理能从自然语言指令到可验证优化设计全程自动化,显著减少人工脚本与配置工作量,同时促进创新设计探索。本研究为人类-智能体协同机械工程提供了可行路径,并奠定了更可靠、垂直定制化MDO系统的基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
To accelerate mechanical design and enhance design quality and innovation, we present a Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization (MDO) Agent driven by Large Language Models (LLMs). The agent semi-automates the end-to-end workflow by orchestrating three core capabilities: (i) natural-language-driven parametric modeling, (ii) retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for knowledge-grounded conceptualization, and (iii) intelligent orchestration of engineering software for performance verification and optimization. Working in tandem, these capabilities interpret high-level, unstructured intent, translate it into structured design representations, automatically construct parametric 3D CAD models, generate reliable concept variants using external knowledge bases, and conduct evaluation with iterative optimization via tool calls such as finite-element analysis (FEA). Validation on three representative cases - a gas-turbine blade, a machine-tool column, and a fractal heat sink - shows that the agent completes the pipeline from natural-language intent to verified and optimized designs with reduced manual scripting and setup effort, while promoting innovative design exploration. This work points to a practical path toward human-AI collaborative mechanical engineering and lays a foundation for more dependable, vertically customized MDO systems.
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