arXiv:2511.17563cs.NEcs.AI2025-11AAAI被引 1

提出生物启发的动态权重机制,让脉冲神经网络自动稳态调节。

Dynamic Weight Adaptation in Spiking Neural Networks Inspired by Biological Homeostasis

  • 基于生物突触可塑性理论,设计实时调节权重的动态机制。
  • 在多种退化条件下,显著提升脉冲神经网络性能。
  • 无需调参,适合构建鲁棒性强的类脑智能系统。

稳态机制在维持大脑神经回路功能中至关重要,通过调控生理与生化过程,确保内部环境稳定,使生物体更好适应外部变化。其中,Bienenstock-Cooper-Munro(BCM)理论被广泛研究,作为维持生物系统突触强度平衡的关键原则。尽管脉冲神经网络(SNNs)作为仿生神经网络模型已得到广泛应用,但机器学习领域尚无工作将生物合理的BCM公式融入SNN以实现稳态。本文提出一种受BCM理论启发的动态权重自适应机制(DWAM),可无缝集成至主SNN中,实时动态调整网络权重,调节神经活动,提供稳态支持而无需额外调参。我们在正常及特定退化条件下,通过动态避障和连续控制任务验证了该方法。实验结果表明,DWAM不仅在缺乏稳态机制的SNN中显著提升性能,还能进一步增强已有稳态机制的SNN表现。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Homeostatic mechanisms play a crucial role in maintaining optimal functionality within the neural circuits of the brain. By regulating physiological and biochemical processes, these mechanisms ensure the stability of an organism's internal environment, enabling it to better adapt to external changes. Among these mechanisms, the Bienenstock, Cooper, and Munro (BCM) theory has been extensively studied as a key principle for maintaining the balance of synaptic strengths in biological systems. Despite the extensive development of spiking neural networks (SNNs) as a model for bionic neural networks, no prior work in the machine learning community has integrated biologically plausible BCM formulations into SNNs to provide homeostasis. In this study, we propose a Dynamic Weight Adaptation Mechanism (DWAM) for SNNs, inspired by the BCM theory. DWAM can be integrated into the host SNN, dynamically adjusting network weights in real time to regulate neuronal activity, providing homeostasis to the host SNN without any fine-tuning. We validated our method through dynamic obstacle avoidance and continuous control tasks under both normal and specifically designed degraded conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that DWAM not only enhances the performance of SNNs without existing homeostatic mechanisms under various degraded conditions but also further improves the performance of SNNs that already incorporate homeostatic mechanisms.

脉冲神经网络稳态机制类脑计算生物启发

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