arXiv:2511.17636cs.CV2025-11

针对异常检测中通道特性被忽略的问题,提出通道感知的典型集优化方法。

TSRE: Channel-Aware Typical Set Refinement for Out-of-Distribution Detection

  • 基于判别力与活跃度,对激活值进行通道感知修正
  • 引入偏度修正机制,缓解典型集估计中的分布偏差
  • 在ImageNet-1K和CIFAR-100上表现领先,适配多种模型与评分函数

开放世界中机器学习模型的安全部署依赖于对分布外(OOD)输入的有效识别。基于激活的方法通过抑制异常激活并增强分布内(ID)与分布外数据间的分离来实现这一目标。然而,现有方法在进行激活修正时常忽视通道的内在特性与分布偏移,导致典型集估计不准确,可能将异常激活错误包含在内。为此,本文提出一种基于可分性与活跃度的典型集精炼方法,实现通道感知的激活修正;进一步引入偏度驱动的精炼机制,以减轻典型集估计中的分布偏差;最后利用修正后的激活值计算能量分数进行OOD检测。在ImageNet-1K和CIFAR-100上的实验表明,该方法达到当前最优性能,并在不同主干网络与评分函数间具有良好泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is a critical capability for ensuring the safe deployment of machine learning models in open-world environments, where unexpected or anomalous inputs can compromise model reliability and performance. Activation-based methods play a fundamental role in OOD detection by mitigating anomalous activations and enhancing the separation between in-distribution (ID) and OOD data. However, existing methods apply activation rectification while often overlooking channel's intrinsic characteristics and distributional skewness, which results in inaccurate typical set estimation. This discrepancy can lead to the improper inclusion of anomalous activations across channels. To address this limitation, we propose a typical set refinement method based on discriminability and activity, which rectifies activations into a channel-aware typical set. Furthermore, we introduce a skewness-based refinement to mitigate distributional bias in typical set estimation. Finally, we leverage the rectified activations to compute the energy score for OOD detection. Experiments on the ImageNet-1K and CIFAR-100 benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance and generalizes effectively across backbones and score functions.

异常检测通道感知典型集能量分数

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