用立方体单元抽象城市数据,实现可扩展的隐私保护建模。
CubeletWorld: A New Abstraction for Scalable 3D Modeling
- 将城市空间划分为离散立方体单元,统一编码多源数据。
- 在真实城市数据集上实现高精度状态预测,支持大规模建模。
- 适合城市规划、应急响应等需要隐私保护的场景。
现代城市产生大量异构数据,包括基础设施地图、出行日志和卫星影像,但将其整合为连贯的空间模型用于规划与预测仍面临挑战。现有以代理为中心的方法依赖直接环境感知,限制了可扩展性并引发隐私问题。本文提出CubeletWorld,一种通过称为cubelets的离散3D网格空间单元表示和分析城市环境的新框架。该抽象通过将基础设施、移动轨迹或环境指标等多元数据信号嵌入局部cubelet状态,实现隐私保护建模,支持规划、导航和占用预测等下游任务,无需依赖代理感知。为评估该范式,我们提出了立方体状态预测任务,基于包含道路、建筑等元素的真实数据集进行测试。我们考察了多种适配模型,并分析了空间粒度增加带来的表征稀疏性和基线可扩展性问题。相比现有3D占用预测模型,我们的立方体中心方法聚焦于空间单元级状态推断,提升跨区域泛化能力与隐私合规性。实验表明,CubeletWorld为复杂城市数据学习提供灵活可扩展的框架,为社会人口建模、环境监测与应急响应等领域开启可扩展仿真与决策支持新可能。代码与数据集可在此下载。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modern cities produce vast streams of heterogeneous data, from infrastructure maps to mobility logs and satellite imagery. However, integrating these sources into coherent spatial models for planning and prediction remains a major challenge. Existing agent-centric methods often rely on direct environmental sensing, limiting scalability and raising privacy concerns. This paper introduces CubeletWorld, a novel framework for representing and analyzing urban environments through a discretized 3D grid of spatial units called cubelets. This abstraction enables privacy-preserving modeling by embedding diverse data signals, such as infrastructure, movement, or environmental indicators, into localized cubelet states. CubeletWorld supports downstream tasks such as planning, navigation, and occupancy prediction without requiring agent-driven sensing. To evaluate this paradigm, we propose the CubeletWorld State Prediction task, which involves predicting the cubelet state using a realistic dataset containing various urban elements like streets and buildings through this discretized representation. We explore a range of modified core models suitable for our setting and analyze challenges posed by increasing spatial granularity, specifically the issue of sparsity in representation and scalability of baselines. In contrast to existing 3D occupancy prediction models, our cubelet-centric approach focuses on inferring state at the spatial unit level, enabling greater generalizability across regions and improved privacy compliance. Our results demonstrate that CubeletWorld offers a flexible and extensible framework for learning from complex urban data, and it opens up new possibilities for scalable simulation and decision support in domains such as socio-demographic modeling, environmental monitoring, and emergency response. The code and datasets can be downloaded from here.
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