用机器学习预测量子化学方法误差,选最省时又准的计算方案。
$Δ$-ML Ensembles for Selecting Quantum Chemistry Methods to Compute Intermolecular Interactions
- 构建Δ-ML集成模型,基于原子对神经网络特征预测各方法误差。
- 平均绝对误差低于0.1 kcal/mol,能精准识别高效低误差计算方法。
- 适合需要平衡精度与算力的量子化学研究者使用。
精确计算分子间相互作用的从头算量子化学方法应用广泛,但计算成本高,方法选择因准确率与开销差异而困难。本文提出一种基于Δ-ML模型集成的框架,利用预训练原子对神经网络提取的特征,预测各方法相对于其他方法(包括基准方法CCSD(T)/CBS)的误差。该方法可在仅使用数据子集的情况下,提供多理论层次的误差估计,并识别满足特定误差范围的高效计算路径。通过扩展的BioFragment数据集验证,该框架在所有方法上均实现低于0.1 kcal/mol的平均绝对误差。进一步分析表明,Δ-ML模型能有效学习任意理论层次间的校正关系,其方法分组结果与理论假设一致,证明其可通用地建模理论间误差修正。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ab initio quantum chemical methods for accurately computing interactions between molecules have a wide range of applications but are often computationally expensive. Hence, selecting an appropriate method based on accuracy and computational cost remains a significant challenge due to varying performance of methods. In this work, we propose a framework based on an ensemble of $Δ$-ML models trained on features extracted from a pre-trained atom-pairwise neural network to predict the error of each method relative to all other methods including the ``gold standard'' coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations at the estimated complete basis set limit [CCSD(T)/CBS]. Our proposed approach provides error estimates across various levels of theories and identifies the computationally efficient approach for a given error range utilizing only a subset of the dataset. Further, this approach allows comparison between various theories. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using an extended BioFragment dataset, which includes the interaction energies for common biomolecular fragments and small organic dimers. Our results show that the proposed framework achieves very small mean-absolute-errors below 0.1 kcal/mol regardless of the given method. Furthermore, by analyzing all-to-all $Δ$-ML models for present levels of theory, we identify method groupings that align with theoretical hypotheses, providing evidence that $Δ$-ML models can easily learn corrections from any level of theory to any other level of theory.
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