提出隐私保护的联邦异常检测框架,提升充电桩预测在攻击下的可靠性。
Federated Anomaly Detection and Mitigation for EV Charging Forecasting Under Cyberattacks
- 客户端部署LSTM自编码器检测异常,避免数据集中
- 用插值法修复异常数据,保持时间连续性
- 攻防一体,91.3%精度下误报率仅1.21%
电动汽车充电设施面临日益严峻的网络攻击威胁,可能严重影响运行效率与电网稳定。现有预测方法缺乏兼顾鲁棒异常缓解与数据隐私保护的解决方案。本文提出一种新型抗异常联邦学习框架,同时实现数据隐私保护、网络攻击检测与对抗条件下的可信需求预测。框架集成三大创新:各客户端部署基于LSTM自编码器的分布式异常检测,采用插值法进行异常数据修复以维持时间连续性,以及联邦长短期记忆网络实现无需集中聚合数据的协同学习。在真实充电桩数据集与真实DDoS攻击数据集上验证,实验表明该方法相比集中式模型提升15.2%的R²准确率,且保持数据本地性;集成攻防系统在攻击后恢复47.9%的性能损失,精度达91.3%,误报率仅为1.21%。该架构支持增强充电基础设施规划、隐私保护协同预测及分布式网络快速抗攻击恢复。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure faces escalating cybersecurity threats that can severely compromise operational efficiency and grid stability. Existing forecasting techniques are limited by the lack of combined robust anomaly mitigation solutions and data privacy preservation. Therefore, this paper addresses these challenges by proposing a novel anomaly-resilient federated learning framework that simultaneously preserves data privacy, detects cyber-attacks, and maintains trustworthy demand prediction accuracy under adversarial conditions. The proposed framework integrates three key innovations: LSTM autoencoder-based distributed anomaly detection deployed at each federated client, interpolation-based anomalous data mitigation to preserve temporal continuity, and federated Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks that enable collaborative learning without centralized data aggregation. The framework is validated on real-world EV charging infrastructure datasets combined with real-world DDoS attack datasets, providing robust validation of the proposed approach under realistic threat scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that the federated approach achieves superior performance compared to centralized models, with 15.2% improvement in R2 accuracy while maintaining data locality. The integrated cyber-attack detection and mitigation system produces trustworthy datasets that enhance prediction reliability, recovering 47.9% of attack-induced performance degradation while maintaining exceptional precision (91.3%) and minimal false positive rates (1.21%). The proposed architecture enables enhanced EV infrastructure planning, privacy-preserving collaborative forecasting, cybersecurity resilience, and rapid recovery from malicious threats across distributed charging networks.
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