APULSE通过混合搜索策略,高效求解大规模密集图上的资源约束最短路径问题。
APULSE: A Scalable Hybrid Algorithm for the RCSPP on Large-Scale Dense Graphs
- 融合A*启发式与脉冲式剪枝,结合时间分桶降低状态空间。
- 在大规模无人机路径规划中比现有方法快数个数量级,且更鲁棒。
- 适合需要实时决策的复杂系统,如无人车动态重规划。
资源约束最短路径问题(RCSPP)是广泛应用于网络路由和自主导航等领域的基础性NP难优化问题,旨在最小化主成本的同时满足次级资源预算。尽管已有多种求解器,但在大规模密集图上常面临严重可扩展性瓶颈,难以满足实时规划需求,尤其在无人地面车辆(UGVs)的大规模地形图任务规划中尤为突出。本文提出APULSE,一种面向此类挑战图结构的混合标签设定算法。该方法结合了由A*启发式引导的最佳优先搜索、激进的脉冲式剪枝机制以及时间分桶策略,以有效减少状态空间。在大规模UGV规划场景下的计算实验表明,相较于先进算法,APULSE始终能获得近优解,速度提升数个数量级,尤其在大型实例上表现远超对比方法。其卓越的可扩展性使其成为复杂大尺度环境中解决RCSPP的有效方案,支持交互式决策与动态重规划。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The resource-constrained shortest path problem (RCSPP) is a fundamental NP-hard optimization challenge with broad applications, from network routing to autonomous navigation. This problem involves finding a path that minimizes a primary cost subject to a budget on a secondary resource. While various RCSPP solvers exist, they often face critical scalability limitations when applied to the large, dense graphs characteristic of complex, real-world scenarios, making them impractical for time-critical planning. This challenge is particularly acute in domains like mission planning for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), which demand solutions on large-scale terrain graphs. This paper introduces APULSE, a hybrid label-setting algorithm designed to efficiently solve the RCSPP on such challenging graphs. APULSE integrates a best-first search guided by an A* heuristic with aggressive, Pulse-style pruning mechanisms and a time-bucketing strategy for effective state-space reduction. A computational study, using a large-scale UGV planning scenario, benchmarks APULSE against state-of-the-art algorithms. The results demonstrate that APULSE consistently finds near-optimal solutions while being orders of magnitude faster and more robust, particularly on large problem instances where competing methods fail. This superior scalability establishes APULSE as an effective solution for RCSPP in complex, large-scale environments, enabling capabilities such as interactive decision support and dynamic replanning.
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